Measure the rock and put it in water for an hour and check its weight, do it for another hour and so on until the weight stays the same
The exact age of the rock.
Divide each rock's mass by its volume. The rock with the higher number is denser. To find the volume, measure the rocks in a graduated cylinder, the one that displaces more water is denser.
Rock samples.
You use a graduated cylinder to measure the volume of the rock with the water and the water without the rock
improvements in technology like drilling for rock samples and instruments that measure magnetism of the iron in the sea floor rock
Rock Samples.
They recover rock samples from volcanic eruptions.
Put it in water and measure how much water is displaced.
water
Use water displacement. Measure water before you put the rock in it, and then again afterwards. Put a measuring cup large enough to hold the rock in a pot large enough to hold the measuring cup and fill the measuring cup to the very top with water. Lower the rock into the measuring cup carefully so that the water flows over and into the pot. Carefully remove the measuring cup with the rock without spilling any additional water into the pot. When you measure the water in the pot it will equal to the volume of the rock (accuracy will depend on how careful you were). This is displacement measuring.
No astronauts have ever been to Mars, and no rock samples have ever been sent to Earth.