On the map will be the information needed. It will say something like "2" equals 100 miles" It will also show you the measurement it is incorporating, a line that equals 2". It used to be called the "key". You will measure out 2" on the map and it will equal 100 miles. 2 is only an example. See link below.
map scales
their the same thing
The ratio of the distance in true life to that shown on the map.
Yes, bar scales are used to convert map distance to ground distance.
The name used is a 'legend'
Linear, ratio, and vertical
how a map is interpreted (read), or meant to be 'read'
Linear, ratio, and vertical
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Scales
Scales
A map scale shows the unit measure this was said by a 10 year old who is in 7th grade