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It is the first few weeks (typically the first twelve) directly post-transplant in which hygiene really matter, since this is also when levels of immunosuppression which the patient has to consume will be at their highest. These weeks are when they are most vulnerable. To help prevent infections, it really does help to keep their recovery environment clean and sanitized, for example:
-Keeping antibacterial handwashes in all bathrooms (try to get everyone who lives in the same environment to use them, not just the patient). "Hand hygiene" is crucial, e.g washing your hands before cooking.
- Wash bedlinen, towels and other laundry on the highest temperatures they can tolerate. (I appreciate this isn't eco-friendly, but being safe and healthy seems far more important).
- If you have household pets (e.g cats or dogs), it would be best to keep them away from the transplanted person for a few weeks immediately post transplant. (This is particularly true of cats, which can pick up things outdoors). If the patient is desperate to see their pets, it is beneficial to wash the pet first. Also, hand washing after petting is essential (for both the patient and the others in the household, especially before cooking/eating). Similarly, immunosuppressed patients are advised not to be the ones who clean up after their pets, due to various risks associated with handling pet waste.
- Using a dishwasher is useful, since it guarantees that the wash is hot enough and thorough enough to kill off germs. However this may not be an option for everyone. The alternative (which I personally use whilst at university, as a liver transplant recipient) is to spray Dettol Surface Cleanser over your dishes after they have been handwashed.
-Similarly, if you choose to handle raw meats, especially on chopping boards etc... in the kitchen, it is best if the work surfaces which you used are thoroughly and immediately disinfected afterwards. (E.g some sort of anti-bac surface cleanser over everything, plus the addition of a kettle full of boiling water over all utensils used, before putting in the dishwasher/handwashing again). If you choose to wash up the chopping boards by hand, throw the cloth away afterwards (then anti-bac spray the sink and taps, then wash your hands).
- Make sure the patient's toothbrushes are changed frequently, especially after colds /mouth ulcers/ vomiting bugs etc... Same goes for mouthwashes in which the liquid is drunk out of the cap/lid. (Also, immunosuppressed people are advised never to share drinks ... which means you should not share their mouthwash, toothbrush etc...)
- If one of the household members, other than the patient, catches something potentially contagious, make every effort to keep the two people separate.
When preparing their bedroom, particularly if they're just coming home, firstly check they can walk up-stairs (if applicable). Take out any large items from the room which are not of immediate use, if necessary. Then make every effort to keep the floor clear (incase they're a little wobbly), give the room a thorough vacuum, and see if a comfy chair can be accommodated in the room somewhere. Add clean bedding to the bed. Anti-bac spray all surfaces in the room (e.g windowsill, desk, chest of draws, bedside table, door handles, light switches etc...) (Ban pets from going into this room if you have indoor pets). Then you should be sorted.
The rule-of-thumb really is "anti-bac spray everything"; after a while it becomes second nature.
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