you can see planets but using telescope or the kepler mission or satellites, though if you are using a telescope, what you see is not how the planet is right now because of the speed of light. Even when you look in the mirror, you are seeing yourself, but in fact you are look at yourself which is a billionth of a second ago. Also the sun light, it takes 8 minutes for the sun light to hit the Earth.
4.2 light years is the distance to the Alpha Centauri Star System.
14,554,6488,654,332,215,900,890,000 light-years from the planet Earth
Millions of light years....
This question is many years from being answered, if indeed it can ever be answered, given your parameters. "Earth-like planet". This would mean roughly the same size as the earth, besides having atmosphere, etc. "Located light years away". It is all we can do to detect if a star light years away has an accretion disc or a Jupiter-sized planet orbiting it. An earth-sized planet, in the so-called "Goldilocks" zone around a star at a distance of several light years? Impossible.Inference of such a thing would be the best we could do. Reaching the point where we can say that "There is an earth-like planet in the Goldilocks zone around Beta Zaptoris at a distance of 27 light years from earth"? That will be many, many years yet, if ever. We can already do this with some very large planets (or planet-like bodies) in a few cases, but that is the extreme edge of astronomy at the moment.
It is a difference of scale. Interplanetary means between planets; it takes a ray of light minutes or hours to go from a planet to another planet. Intergalactic means between galaxies; it takes a ray of light hundreds of thousands of years, or even millions of years, to travel that distance.
Pollux is about 34 light years from the Earth, or about 2 x 1014 miles.
Jupiter does not produce its own light, but it reflects light from the sun. Due to its distance from the sun, Jupiter appears as a bright object in the night sky when viewed from Earth. It is not a source of light itself.
Light years is a measure for distance, the distance light travels in one year. For the light to travel 587 light years, it takes 587 years.
Yes, the Sun is in orbit around the Milky Way, with a distance of about 26,000 light years.
27,000 light-years is a distance of 158,720,000,000,000,000 miles. This is the distance light will travel in 27,000 years.
It takes light 40 years to travel a distance of 40 light years.
Ross 154 is a red dwarf star located approximately 9.693 light-years away from Earth. A light-year is the distance that light travels in one year, which is about 5.88 trillion miles. Therefore, the distance from Ross 154 to Earth is roughly 57 trillion miles.