Array indices are zero-based because the first element is at offset zero from the start of the array. There is no such thing as a one-based array in C. Some other languages do allow you to specify the base of an array, but converting a non-zero-based index to a zero-based index adds a runtime overhead to the implementation.
Most often with 0. Lua and some others start with 1.
at 0
It's either an array or it's a list, it cannot be both. However, an empty array is entirely possible: std::vector<int> my_vector; // an empty array my_vector.push_back(42); // an array of 1 element my_vector.push_back(1); // an array of 2 elements my_vector.clear(); // an empty array An empty list is also possible: std::list<int> my_list; // an empty list my_list.push_back(42); // a list of 1 element my_list.push_back(1); // a list of 2 elements my_list.clear(); // an empty list The same thing can be done in C: int* my_array = nullptr; // an empty array my_array = malloc (2*sizeof(int)); // an array of 2 elements my_array[0] = 42; my_array[1] = 1; free my_array; // an empty array my_array = 0;
Like this: #define MAXLIST 100 int first, next [MAXLIST]; /* let the list be: #0 ---> #2 ---> #1 */ first= 0; next[0]= 2; next[2]= 1; next[1]= -1; /* means end of list */ Note: you should track which elements are unused, in the beginning every elements are unused: int first_unused= 0; for (i= 0; i<MAXLIST; ++i) next[i]= i+1; next[MAXLIST-1]= -1; /* means end of list */
sorce code for student mark list usig array
[]temp = array[1] array[2]=array[1] array[1]=[]temp
Option 1) Use a temporary variable: int x = array[i]; array[i] = array[i+1]; array[i+1] = x; Option 2) Use bit operators: array[i] ^= array[i+1] ^= array[i];
It's either an array or it's a list, it cannot be both. However, an empty array is entirely possible: std::vector<int> my_vector; // an empty array my_vector.push_back(42); // an array of 1 element my_vector.push_back(1); // an array of 2 elements my_vector.clear(); // an empty array An empty list is also possible: std::list<int> my_list; // an empty list my_list.push_back(42); // a list of 1 element my_list.push_back(1); // a list of 2 elements my_list.clear(); // an empty list The same thing can be done in C: int* my_array = nullptr; // an empty array my_array = malloc (2*sizeof(int)); // an array of 2 elements my_array[0] = 42; my_array[1] = 1; free my_array; // an empty array my_array = 0;
Like this: #define MAXLIST 100 int first, next [MAXLIST]; /* let the list be: #0 ---> #2 ---> #1 */ first= 0; next[0]= 2; next[2]= 1; next[1]= -1; /* means end of list */ Note: you should track which elements are unused, in the beginning every elements are unused: int first_unused= 0; for (i= 0; i<MAXLIST; ++i) next[i]= i+1; next[MAXLIST-1]= -1; /* means end of list */
An array literal is a comma-separated list of the elements of an array. An array literal can be used for initializing the elements of an array.
sorce code for student mark list usig array
An array is a list of data items or variables of the same type, like a list of numbers or a list of dates or a list of names.
yes
[]temp = array[1] array[2]=array[1] array[1]=[]temp
Option 1) Use a temporary variable: int x = array[i]; array[i] = array[i+1]; array[i+1] = x; Option 2) Use bit operators: array[i] ^= array[i+1] ^= array[i];
* search array => O(1) linked list=> O(n) binary tree=> O(log n) hash=>O(1) * search array => O(1) linked list=> O(n) binary tree=> O(log n) hash=>O(1)
It depends... If you want a speedy processing go for array list If you want thread safety go for a vector
since the array is four elements and array subscripts start at zero, the valid ones would be 0, 1, 2, 3