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How does a fuel injection system work?

Updated: 10/26/2022
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11y ago

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Fuel injecton,

uses sensors to measure the amount of air entering the engine. Be it with a MAF(mass

air flow sensor) or speed density setup. Speed density measures the manifold pressure and air temperature and calculates the amount of air, Maf

measures the air directly. The ECM

/PCM

( engine computer) takes that information and calculates or refers to preloaded charts to determine the amount of fuel needed. Fuel injection works on higher fuel pressures than a carburetor (43psi vs around 7psi), the ECM send a signal/power to the injector to spray the fuel into the runners when the intake valve opens. The ECM gets the time to spray from the cam position and/or crank sensor. Newer Direct injection setups use even higher pressures(2,000+psi) supplied from a mechanically driven high pressure pump to spray fuel directly into the combustion chamber( increasing power,reducing emission).Diesels can have pressures upto 30,000psi. The O2(oxygen sensor) is used to fine tune the mixture/ratio to provide the best emissions/fuel economy. It measures the amount of Oxygen still in the exhaust after combustion.

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Q: How does a fuel injection system work?
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