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Piston never rotates. Piston moves up and down or to and fro.

Pistons in some marine diesel medium speed engines (500 - 1000 rpm) have rotating pistons.

Instead of having a gudgeon pin like most 4 stroke engines, these pistons have a spherical bearing.

Inside the piston skirt is a circular ratchet system that rotates the piston as the connecting rod swings on each stroke.

At 500 rpm, the piston rotates at about 10 rpm.

Advantages are less wear, better lubrication and hence longer life.

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Q: How does a rotating piston function in a diesel engine?
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