Air expands when heated, so if you are able to get enough air bubbles into a cake batter, the batter will expand when baked. This is the process behind the leavening action of whipped eggs in a Genoise sponge.
Function of raising agents in a muffin?
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Raising agents can include yeast, but not all of them do. Yeast is a biological raising agent that ferments sugars, producing carbon dioxide and causing dough or batter to rise. Other types of raising agents, such as baking powder and baking soda, are chemical leavening agents that create gas through chemical reactions. Therefore, while yeast is a common raising agent, it is just one of several options available for leavening baked goods.
air and yeast
oxygen nitrogen carbon dioxide
Raising agents are used in baking to introduce air or gas into a mixture, causing it to expand and rise during baking. This process creates a lighter, softer texture in baked goods such as cakes, muffins, and bread. The main principles behind raising agents are to create leavening, which helps dough or batter to rise and become fluffy.
Raising agents, or leavening agents, are commonly found in baked goods. Foods such as bread, cakes, muffins, and pancakes typically include baking powder or baking soda as raising agents. Yeast is another natural leavening agent used in products like bread and rolls. Additionally, certain recipes may use whipped eggs or buttermilk to help create a light and airy texture.
Shortcrust pastry is classically made without raising agents - just plain flour, butter, salt and water.
If it has any raising agents in it (including self raising flour), you should cook it immediately after mixing. If it does not, it should be ok in the fridge.
It makes the product light and fluffy and springy and airy.
Raising agents introduce carbon dioxide gas into foods - by chemical reaction. They're intended to make pastries and bread food more palatable.
I'm not sure what you mean by mechanical, but raising agents like baking soda, baking powder, and yeast make foods light and fluffy.