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The critical value is not the height of the dam itself but the height, or "head" of water inlet above the turbine.

The higher the head the greater the pressure available, so provided it's also matched by sufficient flow the greater the power output.

To illustrate the first point, a 30m high dam will produce the same power output from a given generating set level with its base, as a 5m high dam whose turbo-alternator is 25m lower in altitude down-valley - neglecting flow losses by fristion in the longer pipe-line. It's still 30m head even though the dam wall is far lower.

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Q: How does the height of the dam affect the amount of energy generated?
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