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The passing of the electrons through the membrane complexes allows the protons to leave the cell, then reenters through ATP synthase to fuse with oxygen to form water. Hydrogen ions and the electrons come from NADH and FADH2, which are generated during glycolysis and citric acid cycle.
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ATP synthase works by means of?
a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane
Is hydrogen gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane a cellular energy currency?
ATP molecules are essentially cellular energy currency. The hydrogen gradient (or proton gradient as it is technically called) is responsible for the functioning of a protein complex called ATP synthase which in turn is responsible for the synthesis of ATP molecules. Therefore, the proton gradient is the driving force for the synthesis of ATP molecules.
The transfer of high-energy electrons down the electron transport chain causes what to be transported across the mitochondrial membrane?
The electron movement causes H+ ions to be transported to the cystolic side of the mitochondrial membrane from the mitochondial matrix. This creates the electrochemical gradient that is used to generate chemical energy (ATP from ADP)
How does the cell use the charge differences that build up across the inner mitochondrial membrane during cellular respiration?
The charge differences across the inner mitochondrial membrane are used to generate ATP through a process called chemiosmosis. Protons are pumped across the membrane, creating a proton gradient. As protons flow back across the membrane through ATP synthase, ATP is produced. This process is essential for providing energy to the cell.
What is the purpose of embedding the electron transport chain in the membrane of an organism?
The purpose of embedding the electron transport chain in the membrane is to create a proton gradient across the membrane that can be used to generate ATP through chemiosmosis. This process is essential for cellular respiration and energy production in organisms.
Why are protons (H) pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Protons (H) are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane to create a proton gradient, which is used to generate ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. This ATP is the main source of energy for the cell.
Why are the components of the electron transport chain embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane rather than floating freely in the cytoplasm of mitochondrial matrix?
The components of the electron transport chain are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane to facilitate the efficient transfer of electrons and the generation of a proton gradient, which is necessary for ATP production. Being embedded in the membrane allows for the organization of the components in a specific sequence to create a functional chain. It also helps to prevent the loss of protons and electrons to ensure the proper functioning of the electron transport chain.
Where does the electron transport chain take place in the mitochondria?
The electron transport chain takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane of the mitochondria. It consists of a series of protein complexes that transfer electrons and generate a proton gradient across the inner membrane, which is used to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
ATP synthase works by means of?
a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane
Is hydrogen gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane a cellular energy currency?
ATP molecules are essentially cellular energy currency. The hydrogen gradient (or proton gradient as it is technically called) is responsible for the functioning of a protein complex called ATP synthase which in turn is responsible for the synthesis of ATP molecules. Therefore, the proton gradient is the driving force for the synthesis of ATP molecules.
When NADH passes its electrons to the ETC it is?
When NADH passes its electrons to the electron transport chain (ETC), it helps create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient is used by ATP synthase to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space the result is?
Hydrogen ions are pumped through the membrane in the final stage of ATP generation in the electron transport chain. The ions pumped through the membrane create a gradient and cause the hydrogen to "want" to pass back through the membrane. They do so through the protein channels in the membrane and attaches a phosphate to adenosine diphosphate to make adenosine triphosphate.
The transfer of high-energy electrons down the electron transport chain causes what to be transported across the mitochondrial membrane?
The electron movement causes H+ ions to be transported to the cystolic side of the mitochondrial membrane from the mitochondial matrix. This creates the electrochemical gradient that is used to generate chemical energy (ATP from ADP)
Why aren't protons able to diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Protons are unable to diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane because the membrane contains proteins called ATP synthase that provide a specific pathway for protons to pass through. This selective permeability allows protons to be utilized by ATP synthase to generate ATP during oxidative phosphorylation.
How does the cell use the charge differences that build up across the inner mitochondrial membrane during cellular respiration?
The charge differences across the inner mitochondrial membrane are used to generate ATP through a process called chemiosmosis. Protons are pumped across the membrane, creating a proton gradient. As protons flow back across the membrane through ATP synthase, ATP is produced. This process is essential for providing energy to the cell.
What is the purpose of embedding the electron transport chain in the membrane of an organism?
The purpose of embedding the electron transport chain in the membrane is to create a proton gradient across the membrane that can be used to generate ATP through chemiosmosis. This process is essential for cellular respiration and energy production in organisms.
What is the energy of the hydrogen ion gradient created across the inner mitochondrial membrane used to make?
electron transport chain
