VE is a measure of cylinder filling and exhausting to show potential increase or decreased horsepower. Higher VE increases horsepower. VE changes through the rpm range and for racing applications is optimized for the upper rpm range with a sacrifice of VE in the lower rpm range. Things like camshafts and rocker arms, intake ports and length, carburetors, combustion chamber type, valves position and size, exhaust ports and length, header size and length all effect VE.
Reduction in power density. Power density is the power produced by the engine per volume unit. Reduced volumetric efficiency means that less air/fuel will be delivered to the engine for a specific engine volume.
Maximizes torque/power out of the engine by increasing cylinder filling (volumetric efficiency).
Brake Thermal efficiency !!
Efficiency is defined as the ratio between the output power and the input power of a machine, expressed as a per unit or percentage. Power factor improvement has absolutely no effect on the behaviour of a load. All it does is to reduce the magnitude of the load current. A reduction in load current means that less copper can be used in the supply of energy to the load. However, it doesn't effect either the output or input power of the load. So the answer is no, power factor has no effect on the efficiency of a load. You could argue, however, that if improving the power factor of a load reduces the supply current, leading to lower line losses, then there is an improvement in the efficiency of the supply system.
Aerodynamics, horse power, gear ratio,
efficiency is capacity of engine to produce power from fuel supplied while cop is how effectively energy is used to obtain the desired effect
clearance volume decreases the volumetric effienfy of compressor.the clearance volume should not be too less or too more.
Efficiency is output power divide by input power.
It will effect the accuracy of the speedometer and odometer, effect the transmission shift points, effect the fuel mileage, effect the brake horse power,
Efficiency = useful output power / input power
Efficiency = (output power/input power) x 100%
The formula of efficiency is power output divided by the power input.