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In 1865, the French engineer Pierre-Émile Martin took out a license from Siemens and first applied his furnace for making steel. Their process was known as the Siemens-Martin process, and the furnace as an "open-hearth" furnace.
The beseemer process is an inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron prior to an open hearth furnace. This process is named after it's inventor Henry Beseemer.
Because of small termal efficiency, high prices of oil, long duration of process,.... Today steel is mainly made by electric arc furnace and by converters. Converters use only oxygen for refining blast furnace iron. Electric arc furnaces can melt scrap steel much faster than in the old open hearth furnaces. Much of disadvantages of open hearth furnaces are solved in electric arc furnaces and converters. Open hearth furnaces can't melt high quality alloy steels, but they can melt very good quality construction steels. They are still in use by Russians about 30% and Ukrainians 50% and other former soviet countries. The open hearth furnaces was more then a century the symbol of a steel making.
The Open Hearth Furnace and the Bessemer Process <- thanks veeeeeeerrrrrrrrrrryyyyyyyyyyyyyy mmmmmmuuuuuuuuuuuucccccccccccccccchhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
The Phantom of the Open Hearth - 1976 TV was released on: USA: 23 December 1976
In an open hearth kitchen
Visions - 1976 The Phantom of the Open Hearth 1-10 was released on: USA: 23 December 1976
Open Hearth day lily
The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace.
open hearth
The hearth of an open fire is called a fender