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Australia was first colonised by the British after they discovered and layed claim to the eastern coast in 1770. In January 1901, Australia was given partial "dominion" becoming the Commonwealth of Australia, meaning it was allowed legislative independence, though it is still part of the Commonwealth. Queen Elizabeth II (Queen of Australia) is Australia's head of state, and she is responsible for appointing the Governor General after request from the Prime Minister. The Governor General is therefore the Queen's representative within the country at a federal level. His/her duties include appointing ambassadors and judges, giving royal assent to legislation and issuing writs for elections. This also works for appointment of state governors, with request from each state's premier. The duties performed by the state governors, as Her Majesty's representatives, are similar to those of the Governor Gerneral, but at a state level.

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