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A communications satellite operates as a transceiver (TRANSmitter - reCEIVER). Signals from a base station on Earth are sent to a satellite receiver. The data is either stored for a period of time or sent immediately to a transmitter on the same satellite.

The transmitters on satellites are positioned to transmit towards Earth or towards other satellites. A base station on Earth will receive the transmitted signals and pass them to land based equipment.

As satellite signals rely on line of sight, they each have a range over which they can send signals. Too far round the Earth and the signal won't make it. That's why they can also transmit to other satellites before the signal is finally returned to Earth, far round the globe.

The data carried by communication satellites is used for a wide variety of applications. Television, telephones, computer networks and far more are regularly sent to and from satellites.

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Betty Tromp

Lvl 10
3y ago

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