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It depends on the spacecraft and its mission; for Earth orbital satellites, solar arrays are used to charge batteries for power. For deep space missions (e.g., Voyager, Cassini, Galileo) spacecraft use Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs) for power generation.

RTG's are the most reliable and longest lasting, as they provide both power and heat in the deep cold of space, and do not require ambient light sources (limited in deep space) to absorb/convert light to electricity,

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