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Airspeed is calculated by measuring the same force you feel when you put your hand out a car window.

The long tube you see sticking out the front of many aircraft(pitot tube) is there to sample the air pressure in front of the aircraft, free of any aerodynamic interference from the fuselage.

This ram air pressure(pitot pressure) is the air pressure that's hitting the nose of the aircraft.

It's then compared to a static air source (usually inside the fuselage) and from the difference the aircraft's speed can be calculated after biasing the results for daily differences in ambient air pressure.

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Q: How is the air speed of an airplane calculated?
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