For as long as their session lasts.
An indictment is only used in criminal law. It is a formal accusation against a person or persons for having committed a crime. The prosecutor presents his case before a Grand Jury, which can then return a True Bill or No Bill. A True Bill means the Grand Jury agrees the prosecutor has presented a reasonable case and it should go to trial or plea bargain. A No Bill means the Grand Jury does not see / hear enough of a case to recommend it go forward.
A "no-true bill" is a grand jury's refusal to indict a suspected for a crime. Most felony cases require a grand jury to issue a "true bill" in order for a prosecutor to prosecute the offender. If a "no bill" is returned, the case is over with at that point.
A No Bill, also termed in legal disposition codes NBIL, means that the Grand Jury did not believe there was a sufficient amount of evidence or probable cause to indict a specific case.
Federal Commissioner
That would be a grand jury. The prosecutor presents the evidence and they will authorize the case.
what are all the procedlural and substantive ways that a prosecutor and a defense attorney can resolve a case before it goes to a grand jury.
Generally a grand jury returns a true bill if they elect to find probable cause for a trial. That may be in the form of (1) a presentment if the case originated from a magistrate or a preliminary hearing in a lower criminal court or (2) an indictment if the case originated in the grand jury. If a grand jury finds insufficient probable cause, it will return a no true bill and the charges are dismissed.
A true bill is issued when a grand jury determines there is enough evidence to proceed with a trial, while a no bill is issued when the grand jury decides there is insufficient evidence to indict an individual and pursue charges. A true bill results in the defendant being formally charged with a crime, while a no bill means the case is dismissed.
the U.S marshal.
You don't request a hearing before a Grand Jury. As a matter of fact, you don't even attend your own hearing. If you are arrested, your case will automatically be presented to a Grand Jury for them to consider if they will charge you with the crime or not.
You cannot appeal a finding, or re-open a case, whiich has been presented to a Grand Jury and on which they have already ruled. If an indictment was handed down the only option the defendant has is to fight the case in court.
A grand jury should not be considered as being one-sided. The grand jury hears the case put before them, usually with unbiased relations with the subject of the case. It is rare that a juryman would be presented with a case that he/she personally has anything to do with.