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What are three organisms that have been genetically altered to help humans?
Biofectic, ederomitoly, and lacticoreism
Biologist can compare amino-acid sequence of the same protein from two or more species sequences can be very similar or very different what do the similarities and differences tell us?
Similarities in amino acid sequences tell us the the genes coding for these proteins are similar. Similar genes are due to shared ancestry ie the organisms have evolved from a common ancestor in the past. Differences in amino acid sequence tell us that mutations have occurred in the genes since the organisms separated from the common ancestor. The bigger the differences, the longer the organisms have been separated.
Why did scientists expect that human would have more genes than they actually do?
As humans seem to be the most complex and intelligent creatures, their genes simply must have been stronger (sarcasm on the last seven words). And so, once people understood how genes worked, they decided that humans would have more genes. Also, if genes are passed down from every generation to the next, then logic must make it that the oldest creatures would have the most, hence we should have more than a dog, a cat, a mouse, etc. (Domesticated animals have evolved to fit their masters' needs,) but much less than a cockroach, which is the oldest living creature on the planet.
What genes cause CMT4?
There are three different genes that have been associated with CMT4 as of early 2001. They are called MTMR2, EGR2, and NDRG1. More research is required to understand how mutations in these genes cause CMT.
How are gene knockout organisms used in determining the function of genes?
Gene knockout organisms are animals, usually mice and rats, who have been genetically engineered so that one of their genes is removed or knocked out. The ways in which their behaviour or appearance deviates from normal shows what the function of that gene is. For example, if the animals cannot stop eating and eat themselves to death, then it is clear that the genes are essential to the animal's ability to feel full and so stop eating. Knockout mice can also be used to test the effect of drugs and medication: if the drug has an effect on normal mice but not on the knockout mice then clearly the drug works through the mechanism which is controlled by the missing gene.
Organisms that contain genes from other organisms are called?
A plant that contains a gene or genes from another organism that has been introduced artificially into the plant's genetic makeup is called a transgenetic plant. It is also called genetic engineering.
How much DNA do crows share with Humans?
To my knowledge, the crow genome has not been sufficiently analyzed for a definite answer. The process of complete genome analysis is time consuming and expensive, so scientists have been selecting organisms that are highly used in research for genome analysis. That said, the genome of the chicken has been mostly completed. Given that chickens aren't that much closer to or further from humans than crows, the DNA similarity between humans and chickens is at least in the same ballpark as humans and crows. The chicken genome is about 1/3 the size of the human genome (1.2Gb instead of 3.4 Gb) but this is not due to much to birds having fewer genes as having mostly the same genes more compactly arranged in chromosomes. My own experience (I have a little experience with chicken genetics) has been that chicken genes tend to be about 75-85% identical with human genes.
What are three organisms that have been genetically altered to help humans?
Biofectic, ederomitoly, and lacticoreism
Is a chicken related to raptors?
Yes, it has been proven that chickens are related to raptors. They are genetically more related to raptors than T-Rex is. Scientists are currently working on manipulating the genes of a chicken to make a raptor.
What are transegenic animals?
Transgenic animals are animals that have had genes from other organisms inserted into their DNA. This can occur naturally or be done artificially in a lab. The term transgenic organisms usually refers to those which have been modified artificially by humans.
Are transgenic organisms male and female?
A transgenic organism is an organism that has been genetically engineered. It has genes from more than one organism. Can be both, male or female.
What does geneticly engineered corn do to you?
Makes you less hungry.Keep in mind that humans have been manipulating the genomes of food crops for thousands of years by selective breeding. Modern methods simply speed the process.
How many genes do animals have?
Different animals have different numbers of genes (and chromosomes). The exact number of genes that animals have has not been proven for many species, so estimates have been made. It is estimated that humans and mice have approximately 20,000 genes, roundworms have approximately 13,000 genes and yeast has around 6,000 genes. It should be noted that, similar to chromosome number, a larger number of genes does not necessarily mean the organism is more complex - for example rice has over 46,000 genes.
Biologist can compare amino-acid sequence of the same protein from two or more species sequences can be very similar or very different what do the similarities and differences tell us?
Similarities in amino acid sequences tell us the the genes coding for these proteins are similar. Similar genes are due to shared ancestry ie the organisms have evolved from a common ancestor in the past. Differences in amino acid sequence tell us that mutations have occurred in the genes since the organisms separated from the common ancestor. The bigger the differences, the longer the organisms have been separated.
What have been present in Earth's living organisms for the least amount of evolutionary time a. photosystems I and II b. genes composed of DNA c. enzymes that catalyze glycolysis?
enzymes that catalyze glycolysis photosystems 1 and 2 cell walls nuclei genes composed of DNA
Has all human genes been identified and named?
Most, but not all human genes have been identified and named.
How are viruses benificial for humans?
One use for viruses as of late has been gene therapy. Certain retroviruses can be used to splice in engineered genes into patients in the hope of treating genetic disorders.
