Lincoln was assassinated during his presidency, so he never had any "post-presidency" activities.
yes
He was a lawyer. A very good lawyer
Lincoln wanted the south to come and be a united state again.
One by one, the seceded from the union and formed the Confederate States on America.
This is available on many websites devoted to US political history.
Stopping the new york draft riots, and arresting southern sympathizers
That would be the 13th amendment which talked about how slavery is illegal and how control over others is not permitted.
Emancipation Proclamation was historically, immensely significant; without it, our country would be completely different.
Maintain federal authority without provoking war with the seceded states.
He was a united states senator during the presidency of James Polk, he also participated in the lincoln-douglas debates.
Tad lived past is father's presidency. Lincoln's other son Willie died during Lincolns presidency in 1962 at the age of 11. Tad Lincoln died in 1871 (after his fathers death) in Chicago, IL.