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The hearings to impeach a president do not start in the Senate. They start at the House of Representatives before proceeding to the Senate.
If the President were legally impeached and convicted, the vice-president would take his office and become President. No reason to think that he would be more dictatorial than Obama.
Yes. If the vice presidency becomes vacant. both houses of Congress must approve the nominee of the President before it cam be filled.
the congress must approve
They must talk to the Congress before stepping down. Congress can then approve or disprove the request of the President.
all of them
The President has sole authority to select and nominate US Supreme Court justices, but this power is checked by the Senate, which must approve the nominee by a simple majority vote (51%) before the President can make an official appointment.
Nobody, Supreme Court judges are not elected they are appointed by the President. Then the Senate must approve the appointment before he can actually take office as a judge.
Technically, there are no executive powers held by the Senate. Executive powers are those held by the President of the United States. The powers that the Senate holds are: to try the President on impeachment, but not to impeach him, the power to approve treaties by a 2/3 vote and make amendments to already approved votes, and the power approve of the appoints of many government officials. The last power that our Senate holds is in declaring war. However, in most aspects of the government system, all powers are shared between the different branches of government. For example, the Senate may declare war, but the President is Commander-in-Chief and must share the decision making process. The Senate may also hold trials for it's own members if rules have been broken, but only four members have been successfully convicted of crimes and most resign before being dismissed from the Senate.
The US Senate must confirm (approve) these appointments before they become official .
The Senate must approve.
No exactly- the Senate must approve or ratify a treaty before it becomes binding, but the president can propose or negotiate them without Senate approval. Other countries as aware that Senate approval will be needed before treaties become finalized.