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This attack is known as the Attack on Sydney Harbor. During WWII, Japanese submarines attacked the Australian cities of Sydney and Newcastle.
There is nothing of significance about the Sydney Harbour Bridge in 1939. In 1942, Japanese midget submarines entered Sydney Harbour and fired at the bridge for four minutes, with every shot falling well short of the target.
Three Japanese midget-subs attacked on the night of May 31st/June 1st, 1942. See wikipedia for details.
A Japanese float plane from a submarine carried out a flight over Sydney Harbour to map out the targets for the three midget submarines which carried out the attack.
Short answer: The Japanese attacked with airplanes from six aircraft carriers, and they also used submarines. The standard-sized submarines were in the Hawaiian waters outside of Pearl Harbor, and midget submarines were sent into Pearl Harbor itself. Details on the web.
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The Japanese used mini-submarines. Very small submarines housing only a few men. The attack on Pearl Harbor itself was mostly an air raid. There were five mini subs that launched in total. It is believed that only two actually entered the harbor and that only one released a torpedo.
The Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor in bomber planes, fighter planes, submarines, and torpedo bombers. They also planned to use midget submarines but most didn't make it.
There were five midget Japanese submarines : I-16, I-18, I-20, I-22, and I-24 .
To prevent the Austrailians from coming to the defense of America after the Pearl Harbor attack.Answer To attack shipping (most particularly USS Chigaco) where full-sized submarines couldn't go, as part of the Japanese plan to disprupt Allied shipping.