When the Babylonian Empire conquered Judah and Benjamin they did their usual trick of deporting the Jewish aristocracy and brought in a foreign aristocracy to rule and keep the lower classes quiet. Assyria had previously done this to the 10 northern tribes.
When Persia took over the Babylonian Empire, it allowed the exiled aristocracy to return to Judea and try to reclaim ancestral land. About 40,000 accepted the offer, the remainder staying in Babylon where they had established themselves.
Diaspora. "Saul" "Hebrews" and "Esther" are names, not events.
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The High priests
Persian Jews or Iranian Jews are Jews historically associated with the Persian Empire or Iran. Today the term Iranian Jews is mostly used to refer to Jews from the country of Iran, but in various scholarly and historical texts, the term is used to refer to Jews who speak various Iranian languages.
The Medo-Persian Empire
The Persian king, Cyrus the Great (c 560/559-530BCE) defeated the Babylonian Empire and freed the Jews.
The Jews could be scattered in what is now Iraq.
The Assyria Empire took over the Babylonian Empire when it fell.
It was king Cyrus of Persia that released the Jews from slavery in Babylon.
AnswerAfter Cyrus defeated the Babylonians and released the Jews from Exile, the Persians ruled Babylon and the entire Babylonian Empire, moving their capital to Babylon. The Jews were grateful to the Persians throughout the Persian period and willingly adopted the Persian choice for the imperial language, Aramaic, in place of the Hebrew language. Even after the defeat of the Persian Empire by Alexander the Great, only the Jews refused to adopt Greek as their language, continuing with the use of Aramaic. This is one example that shows the Jews were willing to serve the Persian masters and found Persian colonialism tolerable.
He was king of the Persian Empire and the Jews were a part of his empire, the ten tribes of the north and the two tribes - Judah and Benjamin in the south, under provincial governors appointed by him.
Esther was a Jewish woman who became Queen of the Persian Empire as the wife of Ahasuerus (also known as Xerxes I) When enemeies of the Jews in the Persian court made plans to have the Jews massacred she made it possible for the Jews to defend themselves; risking her own life in the process.