There are generally considered to be nine major crusades. They are considered to have began in 1095 and ended in 1285. Some sources decide to draw the lines differently. Some consider the people's crusade to the be first in 1096, others do not consider this a true crusade.
Religious tolerance in Western Europe.
The Crusaders had to pass through the major city of Antioch on their way to Jerusalem during the First Crusade. Antioch was a pivotal stronghold that they captured in 1098, which provided a strategic base for their subsequent advance towards Jerusalem. The city's fall was crucial for the Crusaders, as it allowed them to secure a vital route and gather resources before continuing their journey.
The crusaders won the first one but then Saladin called a Jihad onto the crusaders and captured Jerusalem. After that the christians tried to reclaim it but failed almost everytime and when they failed they tried again, and again.
12,000
There were 8 crusades all together.
around 20,000
Generally it was the crusaders invading Muslim territory, but many battles were also prompted by Muslim warriors ambushing the Crusaders
It was not so much what they faced but more what the people on the road that the crusaders used face when the crusaders passed them. The crusaders has also been known to plunder on their way to the holy land. But the crusaders had to deal with Muslims that intended to stop or kill the crusaders on their way to the holy land and not to mention that it was a 6 month journey. They also had to cross the Alps and Many deserts. So the elements I would say was their greatest challenge.
30,000
The hospitalers.
Yes The Crusaders
The goal prohibitionists and purity crusaders was to improve social and moral values as they saw it. Many disagreed this was an effective way to improve life.