{| |- | I'm sure the number is in the ten's of thousands. The exact number probably remains highly classified. Many of the weapons have been destroyed, but more than enough remain to devastate life on Earth as we know it. |}
Nuclear weapons against mankind happened in 1945. Other than that it has not happened again.
There were no reports of a nuclear explosion in Germany between 1990-1992. Germany does not have a history of nuclear weapons testing and there have been no instances of nuclear explosions in the country during that time period.
A great number of different things shaped US Foreign Policy between 1945 and 1990, but probably the most prominent and overarching was the Cold War antagonism between the US and the USSR.
India is not a Party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. India tested what it called a "peaceful nuclear explosive" in 1974 (which became known as "Smiling Buddha"). The test was the first test developed after the creation of the NPT, and created new questions about how civilian nuclear technology could be diverted secretly to weapons purposes (dual-use technology). Though India maintained that its nuclear capability was primarily "peaceful", it apparently weaponized two dozen nuclear weapons for delivery by air between 1988 and 1990. But it was not until 1998 that India tested weaponized nuclear warheads ("Operation Shakti"), including a thermonuclear device. And it is estimated that India has 80-100 nuclear warheads (might not be active).
It was in the middle of the Cold War. This is describing the "race" between Russia (USSR) and the United States and both of their atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs. Arms Race = A race between to nations to produce the most weapons and the most powerful weapons. Ex) The cold war.. the USSR and the USA. And im guessing the US goal was to get more weapons than the USSR?
I doubt if New Zealand knew anything about nuclear weapons in 1944, possibly at the highest level of government but the general public knew nothing.
the Berlin airlift
Nuclear Physics News was created in 1990.
Mikhail Gorbachev
The cold war was two sets of NUCLEAR ARMED NATIONS that were each at a military stand-off, both sides just waiting for an EXCUSE to begin shooting nuclear missiles at each other. This stand-off physically ended in 1990. The two sets of Nuclear Armed Nations were heavily industrialized and formally structured; allowing diplomacy and negotiations to continue through out the whole cold war period of 1945 thru 1990 (the Berlin Wall came down in 1989, Soviet collapse started at that time; for classroom purposes the papers of dissolvement were signed in 1991). Today there are no formally declared nuclear adversaries. The communist nations of Red China and North Korea are (for NK possibly) nuclear armed, but have made no formally declared intention to carry on the cold war. The 21st Century challenge will be the control of nuclear weapons.
Nuclear Dream was created in 1990.
Scottish Nuclear was created in 1990.