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The first thing you have to understand is that the US did not stockpile usable nuclear weapons in 1945. The nuclear weapons available in 1945 came in unassembled "kit" form and took days for a bomb assembly team to assemble before use. The orders during World War 2 were to drop the nuclear weapons on Japanese cities as soon as they became available.

The Manhattan Project had plans and facilities to make and use 23 nuclear weapons on Japan before the end of 1945, but only 2 were actually used. A third nuclear weapon was finished by Los Alamos and shipped to San Francisco but the Japanese indicated they would surrender and Truman ordered the nuclear bombing stopped before it arrived, so it was returned to Los Alamos.

Soon after the end of World War 2 the Manhattan Project found it necessary to cut back production of plutonium significantly to limit unexpected radiation damage to the graphite moderator of the 3 Hanford reactors. Official declassified documents show that instead of being able to finish the remaining 20 nuclear weapons planned for 1945, Los Alamos was only able to finish 1 more due to the plutonium shortage from the Hanford reactors!

Here is the timeline:

  • July, 1 nuclear bomb built, 1 nuclear bomb exploded (Trinity test)
  • August, 2 nuclear bombs built, 2 nuclear bombs exploded (Hiroshima, Nagasaki), 1 more nuclear bomb built, unused
  • September through December, 1 more nuclear bomb built, unused
From this we can see that the United States built 5 nuclear weapons in 1945 but because they were used as soon as they became available the only time during the war that more than 1 nuclear weapons existed was just before August 6, when the first one was dropped on Hiroshima. At no time in 1945 did the United States have more than 2 nuclear weapons at the same time.
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Q: How many nuclear weapons did the United States have in 1945?
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