Very few.
Alaska oil is generally refined in facilities located outside of Alaska, mainly in refineries in the contiguous United States such as in Washington state or California. Transporting the oil to these refineries can be done via pipelines, tankers, or other modes of transportation.
Of course there is. Many oil tankers end up spilling oil for one reason or another. This ruins the environment and kills birds and animals. I suggest you watch the story of the Exxon Valdez accident in Alaska. The damage done from the spill will last for a 100 years. There are no drawbacks to the oil itself but to the transportation of oil. Pipelines can damage the tundra and tanker ships can spill oil into the bay/sea/ocean.
Oil is primarily transported from Alaska to the contiguous United States through a network of pipelines and marine shipping. The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) transports crude oil from the North Slope of Alaska to the port of Valdez. From Valdez, the oil is loaded onto tankers that carry it to refineries along the West Coast and other destinations in the U.S. This combination of pipeline and maritime transport ensures efficient delivery of Alaskan oil to meet domestic energy needs.
people
The Alaskan pipeline goes from the north area of Alaska to the southern area, where the oil is loaded into tankers and taken to West Coast ports. A vast system of domestic pipelines then transport the oil to refineries throughout the US.
Pipelines, Oil tankers (Ships), Oil Drums, Road Tankers.
Oil pipelines are typically located in regions with significant oil production, such as the Middle East, North America, and Russia. They often run through rural areas, forests, and even underwater to connect oil fields to refineries and distribution centers. Pipelines are strategically placed to minimize environmental impact and maximize efficiency, but they can also intersect populated areas and sensitive ecosystems. Additionally, many pipelines follow existing transportation corridors to reduce the need for new land disruption.
both
250
mostly by ship and pipelines
by using air pressure