Sodium has 11 protons and 11 electrons.
Protons: 20 Electrons: 18 Neutrons: 21
Each atom has a unique combination of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Carbon has 6 protons, and it will have 6 electrons in a neutral atom, one for each proton. See link below.
A hydrogen atom has 1 proton and 1 electron regardless of the isotope.Standard hydrogen(protium) has zero neutrons.The deuterium isotope has 1 neutron and the tritium (very radioactive) has 2 neutrons.
Salt is sodium and chloride, sodium is an element by itself.
The positivity and negativity of an ion is determined by the number of electrons compared to that of protons. If there are more electrons than protons in the ion, it is considered negative. It becomes negative by gaining electrons, which can happen a number of ways. Simply put, most often it gains electrons by pulling them off of other elements and molecules. The more electronegative an element is, the easier it is for it to do this. Elements are most stable in their "octet" configuration where all of the available spots in an orbital are filled. Elements with less than a perfect octet will rip electrons off of other things.
Sodium chloride is used to prepare sodium hydroxide, hydrogen, chlorine, sodium, for deicing, in paper industry, in the foods industry etc.
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