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There are a few reasons why it is possible to simplify the number of actual refractions in a lens down to one refraction at a central line through the optical centre. One reason is that when light passes through a lens, the lens refracts the light in such a way that the light is brought to a focus. The amount of refraction that occurs depends on the curvature of the lens and the index of refraction of the lens material. However, no matter how curved the lens is, the amount of refraction is always the same at the optical centre of the lens. This is because the optical centre is the point on the lens where the light rays passing through the lens are parallel to the principal axis of the lens. Another reason why it is possible to simplify the number of actual refractions in a lens down to one refraction at a central line through the optical centre is that when a lens is rotated about its optical axis, the image formed by the lens does not rotate. This is because the optical centre of a lens is invariant with respect to rotation. This means that it is not necessary to take into account the actual refractions that occur at different points on the lens when calculating the image formation by the lens.
by radiation - convection and conduction cannot occur in a vacuum!
The window is too wide (relative to the wavelength of light)
Conduction doesn't occur in fluids. Convection currents are the form in which heat travels in fluids.
No, dispersion doesn't occur through a hollow prism.
by radiation - convection and conduction cannot occur in a vacuum!
There are a few reasons why it is possible to simplify the number of actual refractions in a lens down to one refraction at a central line through the optical centre. One reason is that when light passes through a lens, the lens refracts the light in such a way that the light is brought to a focus. The amount of refraction that occurs depends on the curvature of the lens and the index of refraction of the lens material. However, no matter how curved the lens is, the amount of refraction is always the same at the optical centre of the lens. This is because the optical centre is the point on the lens where the light rays passing through the lens are parallel to the principal axis of the lens. Another reason why it is possible to simplify the number of actual refractions in a lens down to one refraction at a central line through the optical centre is that when a lens is rotated about its optical axis, the image formed by the lens does not rotate. This is because the optical centre of a lens is invariant with respect to rotation. This means that it is not necessary to take into account the actual refractions that occur at different points on the lens when calculating the image formation by the lens.
infections
That is correct.
Yes it is true.
Osmosis can only occur if water travels through the semi-permeable membrane. This will cause water to cross the lipid bilayer.
False - that's a volcanic eruption.
This is related to the fact that light travels at different speed in the different media. The reason is a bit tricky to understand; it can be explained by applying the Huygens-Fresnel principle, which basically says that EVERY point reached by a wave becomes, itself, an origin of further waves; the wave we observe is simply the superposition of all those waves.
Nothing will happen. It requires two wires to complete the circuit. Electrical current travels from the battery terminal through the wire to a metal portion of the base of the lightbulb. The current then travels up through the filament wire which glows as the current travels through. The current then travels back down the other side of the filament wire to the base of the bulb and thus through the second wire back to source, which is the battery.
Yes, it is true.
Yes light can travel through prisms. At some points it would occur total internal reflection and at some points there would be refraction of light.
Light and sound travel through the air.