Depends on the aspect ratio of the tire. For instance a 215/70-16 and a 205/75-16 are almost the exact same diameter with the 205 tire being 1/4" larger in diameter because it has a larger aspect ratio. For all practical purposes they are the same height. I would have to know the aspect ratio of both tires to answer the question.
If they have the identical aspect ratio and wheel diameter as comparing a 215/70-15 to a 205/70-15 the 215 tire will be .56" taller.
0.8 inches.
Yes it can.
The only difference is that 215 tires are taller. The first number in the name (215) indicates the tire sidewall height, the second part (55) is the tire tread width, the third part (r) shows that the tire is a radial tire, and the fourth part (16) indicates the rim size.
No, it will not.
Tires on the same axle should match if all 4 are not the same. The 215s are an inch taller (or thereabouts) than the 205's. the taller ones should go on back if you have 2. However, this does not answer the question raised as to whether a 215 60 16 tire will fit on the same wheel that currently has a 205 55 16 tire ! Hopefully someone knows the answer.
The width, by 10 mm
Yes, the 65 tire is only slightly taller.
Yes
yes
NO, absolutely not. Never, ever, mix tire sizes on the same axle. You could put a set of 215 on the front and then a set of 205 on the rear but not a 205 & 215 on the same axle. Tires on each axle must be the exact same size.
I doubt it as there is 2" difference in diameter.