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Neurons carry messages by converting a chemical signal into an electrical one, and vice versa. The dendrites of the neuron receive "messages" from chemicals that were released by another neuron. These chemicals are called "neurotransmitters". The neurotransmitter stimulates the neuron to depolarize. This means that the neuron's cell membrane becomes more permeable to sodium, and sodium moves into the cell. This causes the electrical charge of the cell to change, because sodium is positively charged. When it moves into the cell, the inside of the cell (or neuron) becomes less negatively charged and more neutral. At the same time, the area outside the cell becomes more negatively charged because of the positive sodium ions leaving that space. This rapid change in electrical charge is called "depolarization" and is essentially an electrical impulse. If the electrical charge is drastic enough (i.e., it meets the "threshold potential" by changing by at least 15 to 20 millivolts) the electrical signal carries all the way down the neuron into the axon. In the axon, a myelin sheath, or fatty covering, covers the neuron and essentially acts as insulation so that the electrical impulse can travel more quickly. Once the impulse reaches the axon terminal, it signals neurotransmitters to be released from that neuron and be interpreted by another neuron. Hence, the process starts all over again. I apologize for this answer being so long, there really is no way to answer this question briefly.
What else can I help you with?
Is a neurone an organ or tissue?
A neuron is a type of cell, not an organ or tissue. Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system and work together to transmit electrical and chemical signals in the body.
How does a neurone work?
they send electrical pulses down the axon to the next neuron.
What does a Neurone cell do?
A neurone is a nerve cell, they allow you to feel pain.
What is a relay nerve cells?
Interneuron (relay neurone) Relays messages from sensory neurone to motor neurone. which make up the brain and spinal cord
What is the name of a neuron that transmits neural impulse from the sensory neuron to the motor neuron?
A relay neurone passes impulses from a sensory neurone to a motor neurone.
Is neurone a tissue?
no...
Are there any diseases or disorders that affect the diaphragm?
diaphragm cancer, motor neurone diaphragm cancer, motor neurone
Motor neurone disease is infective?
Motor neurone disease is not an infectious disease. It is a progressive neurological condition that affects the nerves in the brain and spinal cord that control movement. The exact cause of motor neurone disease is not fully understood.
Numerous nerve impulses arriving at a synapse at the same time exert a cumulative effect?
Kind of. Each neurone can have thousands of inputs from other neurones arriving at the same time. It all depends on the types of signal arriving from the other neurones. There are 2 types of incoming signal; 1. Excitatory Post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs) - These inputs depolarise the neurone (bring the negative voltage of the neurone closer to 0mV). 2.Inhibitory Post-synaptic potentials (IPSPs) - These inputs hyperpolarise the cell (make the neurone voltage more negative). Some of the inputs coming to the neurone will be EPSPs, some IPSPs. If all the inputs come in and there are more EPSPs then the neurone will depolarise. If the neurone depolarises to the firing threshold (around -40mV) then an action potential will be propagated and the neurone will transmit the message to the next neurone in the chain. If the majority of the inputs are IPSPs then the neurone will hyperpolarise and will not fire. If there are more EPSPs than IPSPs but the neurone still doesn't depolarise enough to reach the firing threshold then the neurone will not fire.
Is neurone a tissue a organ or a cell?
it is a cell
What do you call the neurone that connects the sensory and motor neurone together?
The neuron that connects the sensory and motor neurons together is called an interneuron. Interneurons facilitate communication between sensory and motor neurons within the central nervous system.
How does the passage of a touch signal pass from skin to the cerebral cortex?
Pressure receptors in the skin pick up the stimulus. It passes along a sensory neurone to the central nervous system. Within the CNS it is transferred to the cerebral contex via an association neurone, relay neurone.
