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One of the mechanisms is that:
Alpha 1 antitrypsin (an alpha 1 globulin) normally inhibits proteases and thus elastases also. Normally; due to negative control on elastases, elastic component of lungs is maintained with proper physical characteristics. The compound does it so by binding with proteases through amino acid methionine at 358 position in its chain.
In a smoker; the methionine is oxidised to methionine sulfoxidase; which cannot bind to proteases. As inhibition is released, elastic components of lung start degrading by action of these enzymes. Thus, smoker gets emphysema or other disorders and it causes decrease in vital capacity as distensibility (compliance/stretchability) decreases. Smokers with alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency have a worse condition.
Smoking destroys alveoli and capillaries therefore not as much oxygen can be absorbed by the lungs/body.
What else can I help you with?
What effect does smoking have on vital capacity?
the lung capacity will lessen and the veins and tubes connecting ect will get thinner because of the tar build up therefore they can find it harder to breath because they cannot get as much oxygen to the lungs thank youu x
What are four factors that can affect the vital capacity of a person?
Four factors that can affect the vital capacity of a person are age (vital capacity decreases with age), gender (males tend to have higher vital capacity than females), height (taller individuals usually have higher vital capacity), and physical fitness level (regular exercise can increase vital capacity).
What can reduce vital capacity?
There are many reasons that could increase or decrease vital capacity in a person. Respiratory conditions are a major factor in how much air a person can take in.
How does your calculated vital capacity compare to recorded vital capacity?
tu mama
Why does vital capacity gradually decrease with age?
Vital Capacity gradually decreases with age because, as one ages, the elastic fibers in the lung gradually decrease as well. This results in less elastance and greater compliance of the lungs: think of an over stretched rubber band. Further, the muscles of chest weaken with age; hence, the lungs are unable to exert the same force to bring air in or out so the vital capacity (what we are able to breath in and out or maximal ventilation) is decreased.
What is vital capacity of lungs?
the vital capacity of lungs is 3.5 liters to 4.5 litres
Does smoking decrease height?
no--but it decreases life...
What is vital lung capacity?
vital lung capacity is how much air remains in your lungs after you exhale
For vital capacity what units are the measurements in?
My vital capacity is 1650cc (Yes, it's very low, but I'm twelve and I'm small). cc is used to measure vital capacity.
If a stream's discharge decreases how does it affect the stream's capacity?
The capacity of a stream is the maximum load it can carry. Capacity is directly related to a stream's discharge. The greater the volume of water in a stream is, the greater its capacity is for carrying sediment. So if a stream's discharge decreases, the stream's capacity also decreases.
What might influence ones vital capacity?
bigger body surface area = bigger vital capacity
What probably caused the change to the persons vital capacity?
A change in a person's vital capacity can be caused by various factors, including respiratory diseases like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which can impair lung function. Other potential causes include obesity, which can restrict lung expansion, or physical inactivity, leading to decreased lung capacity over time. Additionally, environmental factors such as smoking or exposure to pollutants may also negatively impact lung health and vital capacity.
