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Earth was formed by a variety of different ways, the most common of which is the rising and falling of mountains due to plates shifting. Meteors and other falling space material often pit the earth, noteably Vredefort Crater in Africa which is 300km wide. The seas also change the earth. Their rising and falling changes the ice caps, submerges or reveals land and is in constant motion, eroding the edges of continents. Volcanic eruptions often add on to land forms, or in some cases create new islands from underwater. These are some basic ways the earth's landforms and features are formed.

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