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- point contact transistors were made by taking a germanium chip and placing the tips of 2 sharpened metal wires on that chip very close to each other, then a capacitor of a specified value was charged to a specified voltage and discharged between the chip and the wire intended to be the emitter
- grown junction transistors were made by pulling a germanium crystal from molten germanium that was already doped, a bead of the opposite dopant material was dropped into the molten germanium forming the base, then a bead of the original dopant material was dropped into the molten germanium forming the collector, this crystal (about the size of the eraser on the end of a pencil) was then carefully cut into individual transistors
- alloy junction transistors were made by taking a germanium chip that was already doped, 2 metal alloy beads containing the opposite dopant were pressed against opposite sides of that chip and the assembly was heated until the beads barely began to melt and fused into the chip
- surface barrier transistors were made by taking a germanium chip that was already doped, acid etching pits on opposite sides of the chip until the pits almost but not quite touched, washing the chip, then electroplating the 2 pits with metal
- diffusion transistors (the modern kind, both junction and field effect) are made by diffusing dopants at high temperature as needed into large silicon wafers (note: the first diffusion transistors were made on individual germanium chips like most earlier transistors) to construct the various elements of the transistors, the wafers are then cut up to make the finished device whether it is individual transistors or complicated microprocessors containing hundreds of billions of transistors
What else can I help you with?
What are power transistors?
Power transistors are transistors that are used in high-power amplifiers and power supplies.
Are transistors semiconductors?
Transistors are made out of semiconductors, yes.
How are hot electrons generated and utilized in semiconductor devices?
Hot electrons are generated in semiconductor devices when high-energy electrons gain excess energy from an electric field or collisions. These hot electrons can be utilized in devices like transistors to improve performance by increasing the speed and efficiency of electron transport.
What element are in transistors?
Silicon and germanium are the elements used in transistors
What elements in in transistors?
Silicon and germanium are the elements used in transistors
Why are npn transistors used more often than pnp transistors?
The primary reason that NPN transistors are used more often than PNP transistors is that they usually operate faster (at higher frequencies) because the mobility of the current carriers in NPN transistors (electrons) is much higher than that of the current carriers in PNP transistors (holes).
What elements are used in transistors?
Silicon and germanium are the elements used in transistors
How many transistors are on a Phenom II 965?
758 Million transistors.
How did colossus work without transistors?
There were vacuum tubes before transistors
How do you install transistors on Toyota 5fbc25?
how to install TMS003 transistors on Toyota 5fbxc25
Do phones have transistors?
yes, Mobile phones are having transistors.
What replaced vacuum tubes in the computer?
Integrated circuits (in many microprocessor integrated circuits) containing many billions of transistors each.
