Persia, also known as Iran operates under a Theocratic Islamic Republic. The president is democratically elected, but the Supreme leader must validate the person before they can even run for office. The religious leader or Ayatollah remains the supreme voice of the land, with the president answerable to him.
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The ancient Egyptian system of government was a Theocratic Monarchy. The Pharaoh was both King/Emperor and a God.
A number of countries have a Theocratic type of government in theory, however none except Vatican City are entirely theocratic. Iran, Saudi Arabia are the primary examples of theocratic style governments, however both have houses of Parliament and elected officials who do hold considerable power. Iran is ruled by the Grand Mullah who seems to be the final arbiter in government, but non-religious government officials are gaining strength as the blowback to repressive government by theocracy. Saudi Arabia of course is ruled by a monarchy and the King seems willing to overrule the theocratic elements of the government when it seems necessary. There is also Israel with it's programs of promoting the country as the Jewish Homeland and incorporation of Jewish Torah precepts into law and running state-run Jewish religious schools. Norway is also a theocratic tinged country with a state religion and laws concerning how many legislatures must be members of the state religion.
A theocracy is a government controlled by religious leaders. A republic is a state that has got rid of its Monarch. Iran is both of these. However, historical experience teaches the world that theocracies are in general not very nice places to live in - when people think that they have divine guidance they tend to do terrible things.
A theocracy is a government ruled by divine guidance or by a person considered to be divine. The Romans never considered their living rulers to be divine, but they certainly asked for divine guidance in their undertakings, both major and minor. The counsuls would look for omens before bringing up any important issues before the senate. The omens would always be taken before a battle. Omen readings and sacrifices would always accompany the dedication of a building, and so on. Thanksgiving was always given to some god or another after a success. On the basis of this evidence, one would have to say, yes, the Romans had a theocratic government.
The Aztec government was a theocratic monarchy led by an emperor, who was both a political and religious leader. The emperor was supported by a council of nobles and priests, who helped govern and make decisions. The empire was divided into city-states called "altepetl," each ruled by a local leader or "tlatoani" who reported to the emperor. This hierarchical system allowed for centralized control while accommodating local governance.
Both state and federal government
In Sumer, the government was characterized as a theocratic monarchy, where rulers were often seen as representatives of the gods and held both political and religious authority. City-states like Ur, Uruk, and Lagash were independently governed, each with its own king who commanded armies, administered justice, and oversaw religious practices. The government was also supported by a class of priests who played a crucial role in managing temples and rituals, reinforcing the connection between religion and governance.
Stalin and Lenin policies are believe to be quite similar. They are both communistic in structure, and aim to illuminate theocratic traditions. Socialism interested them. However in difference Stalin thought it best to start with western strategy. He also believe that the government should control all matters concerning the economy advancement.
The Pilgrims established rules of self-government primarily through the Mayflower Compact in 1620, which outlined a framework for governance based on majority rule and consent of the governed. The Puritans, arriving shortly after, also created self-governing systems, notably in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, but their governance was more theocratic and based on their religious beliefs. Both groups contributed to the development of self-government in colonial America, but it was the Pilgrims who are specifically credited with the early formulation of such principles.
they both wanted a powerful government
Most practitioners of major religions would actually contradict their beliefs if they involved themselves in marketing a democratic government. Most monotheistic religions teach that a theocratic government is the only form a government they should market. They would have to be convinced that the particular democratic government was indeed God's chosen government and therefore be theocratic. In most eastern religions there is a heavy emphasis on being content with your role in life and obeying those in charge or higher than you. It would take considerate religious reform for the ruling classes of these countries to give power to those below them, or the ones below them to think they have the right to have a form of power in ruling. Power to the people is not really seen in most eastern religions, but instead, following your path in life to the best of your ability. They would also have to be convinced that their path includes having this power. We have seen both of these scenarios take place in the world.