How was insulin discovered?

Answer 1

Insulin was discovered in Toronto, Canada in the summer of 1921. It was discovered by Frederick Grant Banting and Charles Best in a search for a cure for Diabetes; insulin was discovered 4 months later. During the discovery phase, Dr. Banting and Charles Best worked alone to produce and test the drug on dogs. Dr. Bertram Collip and John J. R. MacLeod joined the team when insulin test worked and the purification stage started. Dr. Banting and John J. R. MacLeod were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1923 for their work and discovery of insulin. On January 23, 1922, the first successful test on a human patient with diabetes occurred. Insulin was given to dangerously ill Leonard Thompson, and his condition improved dramatically in just a few hours. The groundwork for the discovery of insulin, had been done by several other scientists before Dr. Banting and his team actually discovered it. In 1889, two Europeans, Minkowski and von Mering, found that when the pancreas gland was removed from dogs, the dogs got all the symptoms of diabetic people and died soon after their pancreas had been removed. Minkowski and von Mering proposed that the pancreas was crucial for sugar metabolism. Later experimenters narrowed the search to the Islets of Langerhans (clusters of specialized cells within the pancreas). In 1910, Sharpey-Shafer suggested that a single chemical was missing from the pancreas in diabetic people. He proposed calling this chemical insulin, and later the Dr. Banting and his team took him up on the suggestion. The molecular structure of insulin was determined in 1995 by Frederick Sanger. Insulin was the first protein to be deciphered. Human insulin was also the first human protein to be made synthetically. In 1996 the FDA approved a human insulin called Humalog, Humalog was specially developed to be active very quickly after injection.
From: http://web1.caryacademy.org/chemistry/rushin/StudentProjects/CompoundWebSites/1999/Insulin/discovery.htm

Answer 2

Insulin was invented to help Diabetics.

See, the pancreas is an organ that produces insulin to help the body deal with sugars, and therefore, the blood glucose level. However, people with Diabetes, can not produce insulin naturally, so they have to take insulin as a medication in order to regulate their blood glucose levels.

Answer 3

Sir Fredrick G. Banting discoverd Insulin in 1922

Answer 4

Fredrick Sanger found out in 1955 as to how to chemically prepare insulin.till then we were extracting it from animals