How was the Quraan revealed?

Answer 1

This is a question of reliability and there is a basis for it. The Koran/Quran describes four conflicting calls to Muhammed.

First, Muhammed stated that 'Allah' appeared to him in the form of a man. Then Muhammed said that he was called by the Holy Spirit. Later, he said that angels appeared to him and said that Allah had called him to be a prophet. Lastly, he said that a single angel, Gabriel, appeared to him and revealed the Koran to him.

Not only are there these four different claims of revealation that require reconcilliation, if possible, but there are 'lumpings' of people, places and practices which are historically separated by many years and places, all together at the same time. An example is that of 'crucifixion' being used in the time of the Exodus which wasn't a practice until about a thousand years later. Or that the Koran claim that Alexander the great was a Muslim who lived to a ripe old age when history has him as the Greek leader who died in his early 30s. And there are many more conflicts not only between the Koran and The Bible but also between the Koran and historical fact.