They have broad emission lines of highly ionized elements.
R. F Mushotzky has written: 'X-ray spectra of clusters of galaxies' -- subject(s): Galaxies, Clusters, Spectra, X-rays
The Hubble telescope did not discover that there is a red shift in the spectra of Galaxies. The telescope is named after the American astronomer, Edwin Hubble, who discovered the phenomenon in the 1920s.
expanding
If the Universe was shrinking the galaxies would appear to be moving towards the Earth, and look more blue than they should. This is the opposite to the universe expanding where galaxies would appear to be moving away from the Earth, which we know due to "red shift". Andromeda would be the exception since it's directly moving towards the Milky Way.
that the universe is expanding(: YouR WelomE
Yes. Some galaxies, particularly irregular galaxies, appear to lack supermassive black holes.
The Doppler effect changes the position of well-known lines.
shifted towards the red end of the spectrum
either starlight spectra or moving galaxies.
While spiral galaxies are bright, elliptical galaxies are dim. Spiral galaxies are hotbeds of star formation, but elliptical galaxies aren't nearly as prolific because they contain less gas and dust, which means fewer new (and brighter) stars are born
Best guess would be the Sadtler spectra; no idea what the number would be.
have wavelengths that are longer than normal:)