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You need 17 gallons for a 15% volume/volume mixture.
50% by volume.
The solution could be neutral, acidic or basic depending on the concentration or the volume of the acid or alkali used.
Volume percent (v/v %) is defined as: volume percent = [(volume of solute) / (volume of solution)] x 100% Volume percent is handy when preparing solutions of liquids. Concentration of a solution can be stated in volume percentages. Be aware that volume of solution is in formula denominator, not volume of solvent. Thus to get 10% v/v solution of ethanol in water you can take 10 ml of ethanol and add enough water to have total 100 ml of resulting solution. It is worth to mention volumes of solute and solvent cannot be simply added to get volume of solution. For instance if you add 10 ml of ethanol to 90 ml of water the volume of the solution will be less than 100 ml.
Nothing is "produced". You have merely increased the volume of water. You have not diluted it, and you have not formed a solution.
2%
4.5 litres of a 30% solution to the appropriate quantity of the 90% solution.
The total volume is a little decreased.
i have no freaking idea.
200 ml of solution is 40.5768271 teaspoons. Ignoring the volume of the 8gm of medication, each teaspoon would have 8gm/40.5768271 = 0.197156864gm = 197.156864 milligrams of medication. Note that we ignore the volume of the medication because (i) we don't know the exact volume of the medication, and (ii) we don't know to what extent it changes the overall volume of the solution when added to it (a cup of water with a teaspoon of sugar added to it, for instance, has the same volume (although more weight) as the the water before the sugar was added - the molecules of sugar slip into the empty spaces between the water molecules).
The volume of the resulting solution is actually increased. As a rule of thumb the extra volume is about 60% of the kg mass taken in litres.Example: 1 L water + 1 kg sugar will take 1 L + 0.60L = 1.6 L(with total mass of 2 kg solution)