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If a plane is traveling at takeoff speed on a conveyor belt and the belt is matching that speed in the opposite direction can the plane take off?
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
Yup.
You're right to note, that the speed of belt is matching the takeoff speed (some trolls forget about speed being relative). So the plane will take off, with it's wheels on the belt spinning twice as usual.
((Yes. The logical error that "catches" many people is that they are more familiar with cars than planes. A car exerts its forward force on the ground, like a person does. When you put them on a treadmill travelling backward at the same speed that the object is attempting to move forward, then they are attempting to move against an equally moving medium. This results in a Red Queen scenario and a stationary object.
A plane however, does not move forward using its wheels. They are freespinning objects independent of the propulsion system. A plane is exerting its forward force against the AIR, and therefore will move with respect to the air. A plane attempting to lift off on a conveyor belt (no matter the speed of the belt) will do so essentially just as easily as it would had it been running on a standard runway.
Mathmatically, this can be expressed by the fact that stationary objects are stationary because the forces are equal on all sides. A pencil resting on a table is exerting its force (as its weight) against the table, and the table is pressing back with equal force. When an object is moving on a surface (like a car or a grounded plane), frictional force is applied to the object resisting the forward motion. To calcuate the magnitude of this resisting force, you must multiply the normal force (the weight of the object), by the coefficient in friction (the calcuated "roughness" of the surface).
This leaves no variable for the speed of the surface below it to apply in order to counteract the thrusting force caused by the pushing of the air. This resisting force for the plane will remain essentially the same regardless if it is on a standard runway, a belt moving at 25 mph, or a belt moving at mach 3. As long as the wheels remain intact, the plane will take off. The only physical difference that the plane will experience in this scenario is that the wheels will move twice as fast. Half of the speed are caused by forces that are driving the plane forward, and the other half of the speed are caused by the conveyor belt moving backward.
A simple experiment that can prove this is demostrated on YouTube at the following link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4owlyCOzDiE
It clearly demostrates that the speed of the belt has no bearing on the aircraft's ability to move. Once the craft overcomes the frictional force that would be present even with a stationary runway, no more force is needed, even as the author of the video ramps up the speed of the treadmill by several factors without compensating with the thrust.
Ergo a conveyor belt, matching the plane's speed or not, is completely impotent to hinder the aircraft's ability to take off.))
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
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