There are times that the umbra of the moon fails to reach the Earth. This is when the moon is at apogee. When this happens, observers witness an annular, or ring, eclipse. During anannular eclipse, observers in the umbra see a thin, bright ring around the moon.
True.
During a total solar eclipse, the umbra or darkest part of the moon's shadow creates darkness on a small section of the Earth's surface. The penumbra is a part of the moons shadow that is more wide spread and not nearly as dark.
True. The umbra is the central darker total shadow of the Moon. Outside of this area, called the penumbra, is the lighter partial shadow. In this area, you would see a partial or annular eclipse. The umbra and penumbra are cone-shaped areas of full and partial shadow. The solar eclipse of January 14, 2010 (last week, as I write this) the Moon was so far away from the Earth that the umbra didn't reach all the way to the Earth. So the Sun was visible all the way around the Sun; and "annular", or ring-shaped eclipse.
Penumbra.
They would see an annular (ring shaped) eclipse of the sun. The Sun's photosphere (the really bright part) is visible all the way around the moon.(these do happen on the surface of the Earth)
"Umbra" is correct. However, another way to look at it is that the darkest part of the Earth's shadow is midnight, for what is night but the shadow of the Earth?
In a solar eclipse, no sunlight penetrates the umbra. This is because the umbra is basically the shadow of the Earth, so in this case, the Earth is receiving the sunlight from the Sun, while both the umbra and moon are in the dark.
No, they see night-time. You can see a lunar eclipse (from anywhere) when the MOON is in the earth's umbra.
No. If the Moon is close to apogee (the farthest distance from the Earth), then the Moon's umbra doesn't reach all the way to the Earth. (The umbra is the cone of total shadow. When the total shadow hits the Earth, we have a total eclipse.) So when the Moon is near apogee, we get annular, or "ring of fire", eclipses.
Which body? The one casting the umbra or the one on which it fell? Try it this way: If the Earth and the Sun stayed the same distance apart but the Moon was closer to the Earth, the umbra it made during eclipses would be larger; if it were closer to the Sun (i.e., farther from the Earth) the umbra would shrink, perhaps to nothingness, and only the penumbra would fall on the Earth.
it must be a total solar eclipse.
The umbra is bigger in a lunar eclipse, because the Earth is bigger than the Moon.