the watery environment inside the cell
The watery environment inside the cell. The watery environment inside the cell.
B. the watery environment inside the cell I just took the test. B is the correct answer
The synthesis of an ATP molecule from two ADP molecules involves the condensation reaction where a phosphate group is transferred from one ADP molecule to the other, forming a high-energy phosphoanhydride bond. This process is catalyzed by the enzyme ATP synthase, which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane or thylakoid membrane in the cells. The energy for this reaction is usually derived from the electrochemical gradient across the membrane, which drives the rotation of ATP synthase and facilitates ATP synthesis.
ATP, being a large hydrophilic molecule, cannot freely cross the inner membrane of mitochondria. It requires specific transporters, such as the adenine nucleotide translocase, for its entry into the mitochondrial matrix.
Inner membrane proteins are embedded in the inner membrane of bacteria, while outer membrane proteins are located in the outer membrane. To obtain membrane proteins from E. coli, you can disrupt the cells through methods like sonication or French press, followed by using differential centrifugation to separate the inner and outer membrane fractions based on their densities. Further purification techniques such as density gradient ultracentrifugation or membrane solubilization can be used to isolate inner and outer membrane proteins specifically.
An outer membrane and an inner membrane, the inner membrane being used during cellular respiration
A mitochondrion consists of an outer membrane, an inner membrane, cristae (folds in the inner membrane), a matrix (fluid-filled space inside the inner membrane), and ribosomes and DNA for protein synthesis within the matrix.
It is called cristae. There are inner foldings
The electron transport chain takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane of the mitochondria. It consists of a series of protein complexes that transfer electrons and generate a proton gradient across the inner membrane, which is used to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
I think you are referring to the cristae. These are the folded parts of the inner membrane. The purpose is to increase surface area of the inner membrane against the matrix. The membrane is the site of the energy transfer in the mitochondria, so having more surface area is a plus.
yes they have a inner and outer membrane
The outer membrane is smooth, while the inner membrane is convoluted into folds called cristae in order to increase the surface area