ottoman
it became a province during the Ottoman Empire, known as Mesopotamia
iin 1994
ottoman empire controlled Iraq in the 1800's
According to the Treaty of Versailles in 1919, the Ottoman Empire ceded Iraq to the League of Nations, which authorized Britain to maintain a mandate there.
At the moment (July, 2014) Iraq cannot really be considered as a nation with alliances and enemies. Iraq was created out of the dregs of the Ottoman Empire and in the aftermath of two world wars. It has been a remarkably unsuccessful attempt to form one nation out of three inimical tribes. To the extent that we can consider the Baghdad government to be representative of Iraq as a whole (and it is not), the Iraq's allies are Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and possibly Turkey. Its adversaries are Syria and Iran. Given that half of the territory of Iraq is occupied and nominally governed by the terrorist group "Islamic State of Iraq and Syria" and by the Kurds of the north who would prefer an independent Kurdistan, it's even money as to whether Iraq will even exist by next year.
Iraq became independent from its colonist in 1932.
Turkey along with Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine (now Israel), Syria, Yemen became independent states after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire.
it became a province during the Ottoman Empire, known as Mesopotamia
It was NinevehThe city of Assur in present day Saladin province of Iraq was the capital of Assyria. Assyrian empire existed as an independent entity till 605 BC.
Mesopotamia
Iraq
1932
The Persian Empire was under the control of Cyrus II after 546 B.C. the empire stretch from modern southern Asia, to the middle east (Iran, Iraq, ect.) before being capture by Alender the Great.
They are the Kurds in northern Iraq.
1932
iin 1994
a monoarchy/Empire.