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In linguistics what is the difference between a morpheme a lexeme and a lemma?
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
First things first: morphemes.
A morpheme is the smallest lexical unit bearing meaning in a word, the basic component in a way. Affixes and suffixes are morphemes.
Eg: "Restart" is formed with two morphemes. Start [=begin], but also Re [=again].
That was the almost easy bit. Now, lemmas and lexemes... bit tougher.
A lemma is basically the word form you look for in a dictionary.
Eg: you just read the sentence "I like eating furniture - my son, on the other hand, eats plastic yucca plants. We eat in, most of the time." (I have no idea where you could read this, but still).
You do not know what "eating" and "eats" mean (also unlikely, but bear with me).
Grab your imaginary dictionary - you know there won't be anything under "eating" or "eats", so look at "eat".
"Eat" is the lemma here. It's the word you will find in a dictionary, it's the reference word, if you will.
Now, lexemes - treacherous bunch.
Lexemes are semantic units: 1 lexeme = 1 meaning. But there are variable lexemes (=that can have different forms). Moreover, lexemes don't have to be just one word. Ooh, ouch, I know.
Wait, wait! Don't run away just yet. Let's carry on with our previous gastronomical example, shall we? You've still got your imaginary dictionary in hand, have you?
You'll find neither eats or eating in the dictionary - they are variants of the lexeme EAT. The meaning is carried by EAT, not by the morphemes S or ING, right? That's a variable lexeme: it can have several forms.
Also, our omnivore above wrote "We eat in".
You'll have an entry for "in" but you won't find "eat in" there.
You'll have an entry for "eat", but it's not there either - not really. There's a subentry for "eat in". There you are.
Semantically speaking, eating in is not eating+in. It carries special meaning (=having dinner at home). So it's two words put together that have one particular meaning. EAT IN is a lexeme.
Basically: in a dictionary, headwords are lemmas andlexemes. Subentries, on the other hand, are just lexemes.
Hope that helped!
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
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What is a Linguistic element which when added to a word modifies it or creates a new one?
A morpheme is a linguistic element that, when added to a word, modifies its meaning or creates a new word. Morphemes can be prefixes, suffixes, or roots that contribute to the overall interpretation of a word in a language.
Does synonyms affect lexemes like for example equals Is Shout and Scream the same lexeme?
No, synonyms do not affect lexemes. Lexemes are basic units of meaning in a language, and synonyms are words that have similar meanings but are not necessarily the same lexeme. "Shout" and "scream" are not the same lexeme because they have distinct meanings and usage patterns.
What is the difference between a lexicon and a dictionary?
A lexicon is a complete set of words in a language, including their meanings and usage, while a dictionary is a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words in a language along with their definitions, pronunciations, and often other information. In essence, a lexicon is the entire vocabulary of a language, while a dictionary is a specific tool for looking up the meanings of words.
What is the relationship between lexeme and word?
run
What Difference between Token and lexeme?
One or many lexemes can belong to same token(category) and when lexeme recognized by a scanner to be in a some category that category returned as the token. A lexeme is a section of text, which represents a token. For example in case of a number there are many lexemes representing the same token; for example: "12", "14.8" or "1001". Such general tokens are described by patterns of text.
What is a multi word lexeme?
A multiword lexeme is a lexeme made up of a sequence of two or more lexemes that has properties that are not predictable from the properties of the individual lexemes or their normal mode of combination.
What is lexeme?
lexeme is a small part of a program used in providing tokens to the source code given by the user
What's the compound word for sun and the cover of a building?
lexeme
What is a Linguistic element which when added to a word modifies it or creates a new one?
A morpheme is a linguistic element that, when added to a word, modifies its meaning or creates a new word. Morphemes can be prefixes, suffixes, or roots that contribute to the overall interpretation of a word in a language.
Woman women womanly and girl forms of the same lexeme?
this is tedius question.
What are the possible error recovery actions in lexical Analyzer?
• Not too many types of lexical errors - Illegal character - Ill-formed constant • How is it handled? - Discard and print a message - BUT: • If a character in the middle of a lexeme is wrong, do you discard the char or the whole lexeme? • Try to correct
Does synonyms affect lexemes like for example equals Is Shout and Scream the same lexeme?
No, synonyms do not affect lexemes. Lexemes are basic units of meaning in a language, and synonyms are words that have similar meanings but are not necessarily the same lexeme. "Shout" and "scream" are not the same lexeme because they have distinct meanings and usage patterns.
What is the difference between a lexicon and a dictionary?
A lexicon is a complete set of words in a language, including their meanings and usage, while a dictionary is a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words in a language along with their definitions, pronunciations, and often other information. In essence, a lexicon is the entire vocabulary of a language, while a dictionary is a specific tool for looking up the meanings of words.
What is the difference between dilemma and lemma?
Dilemma and Lemma are very different concepts. A lemma is the most basic form of a word, and the usual way one lists words in the dictionary. For example, of the words "running", "runner", "ran", et al., the lemma of these would be "run". Unlike an infinitive, which is the most basic form of a verb, lemmas apply to every form of word. A related concept to a lemma is "lexeme", which is not all that different, it is the most basic idea of a word. A lemma is simply a way of representing a lexeme. A dilemma (which comes from di-, meaning two, and -lemma, meaning a premise or idea,) is a strict choice between two propositions, ideas, outcomes, or something similar. Usually, the choices within a dilemma are undesirable. For instance, having to choose between being late for work or helping a friend with an unpleasant task is a dilemma. If the issue involves three choices, it is a trilemma; four choices, a tetralemma; five choices, a pentalemma, and so on. Generally, they are all referred to as syllogisms.
What is the difference between connotative and denotative?
Denotation is that aspect of meaning which relates between a word or a lexeme and the external world,i.e, persons, things, places, or any activities external to the language system.We can say that denotation is context-free. Connotation, on the other hand, is the emotive or social meaning that a speaker assigns to a certain expression. connotation is context-dependent
