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In the immune response what kind of cells trigger the production of b cells and killer t cells?
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Control the immune response by shutting down the production of antibodies in antibody immunity and the production of killer t cells in cell mediated immunity?
suppressor
What controls the immune response by shutting down the production of antibodies in antibody immunity and the production of killer t cells in cell-mediated immunity?
supressor t cells
What is inteferons?
Interferons are proteins that are synthesized by the immune cells in response to pathogens and tumor cells. They are cytokines. Functions: Cell-cell communication. Activate and trigger immune defenses, for example natural killer (NK) cells) and macrophages. "Interfere" with viral replication in host cells
What was the Production Budget for Killer Elite?
The Production Budget for Killer Elite was $70,000,000.
What was the Production Budget for The Killer Inside Me?
The Production Budget for The Killer Inside Me was $13,000,000.
What chemicals secreted by t cells in response to antigens?
Cytokines such as interferrons and interleukins are secreted by the T cell in response to antigen. These chemicals are also secreted by B cells, dendrictic cells and natural killer cells. These chemicals are signalling agents that modulate (or properly control) the immune response
What directly attacks and lyses cellular pathogens?
The cytotoxic t cell directly attacks and lyses cellular pathogens. They are activated by antigens that stimulate an immune response.
What is acquired Immune Response?
The acquired immune response is also known as the specific immune response. This involves the presentation of micro organisms antigens by macrophages to T and B lymphocytes (T and B cells). T cells and B cells specific to these antigens will then go through clonal expansion (mass production) to help carry out a specific response that has been 'acquired' as a direct result or particular microorganisms antigens. T cells are divided into T helper and T killer, and B cells into memory cells and plasma cells. T helper cells aid B cells in their production and carrying out their functions. T killer cells kill infected cells (those containing viruses or bacteria, as detected by their presentation of antigen on MHC Class 1 receptor molecules on their surface). B cells differentiate into plasma cells and memory cells, plasma cells produce antibodies specific to the type or types of antigens detected. Memory cells have the ability to live for long amounts of time and quickly differentiate into plasma cells should the same antigens present at a later date, allowing a faster and more efficient immune response if infected again with the same microorganism. The acquired immune response usually takes 7-10 days after initial presentation of the antigens by macrophages - unless this is a secondary response, in which case the person should have already produced memory cells so can deal with the invading microorganisms faster and more efficiently. The innate (passive) immune system is responsible for initial responses, this is non specific and involves neutrophils largely.
Comparison of humoral and cell mediated immune response?
Humoral immunity is effected by antibodies produced by plasma cells toward a specific foreign antigen. Cellular immunity does not directly involve antibodies, but refers to cellular destruction of alien cells/tissues by production of cytotoxins locally, typically the latter are produced by T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells.
What part of the immune system is a specific defense system?
The human immune system can be separated into three "lines of defense" 1) Tthe first line includes physical barriers-primarily the skin, and biochemical barriers-mucous, sweat, stomach acids, wax, oil ect. This is considered a non-specific response because the response is not different for different pathogens. 2) The second line includes the inflammatory response, natural killer cells, macrophages, and fever. This level of defense is also considered non-specific. 3) The third line includes the two specific defenses-your humoral or antibody mediated immune response and your cell mediated immune response. In both cases your body is responding to a particular antigen or infectious agent.
How is an allergic response different from a normal inflammation response?
kw killer. sr crue
How does the immune system function and protect against pathogens?
The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Its primary function is to recognize and eliminate these pathogens while distinguishing them from the body's own healthy cells. The immune system can be broadly divided into two main components: the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. Innate immune system: This is the first line of defense and provides a rapid, nonspecific response to pathogens. It includes physical barriers like the skin and mucous membranes, as well as various cellular and chemical components. The innate immune system recognizes certain patterns associated with pathogens, called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), through receptors on immune cells. These cells include phagocytes (such as macrophages and neutrophils) that engulf and destroy pathogens, natural killer cells that kill infected cells, and dendritic cells that present antigens to initiate an adaptive immune response. The innate immune system also releases chemical signals called cytokines that help coordinate the immune response. Adaptive immune system: This is a specific and highly specialized defense mechanism that develops more slowly but provides long-term protection against specific pathogens. The adaptive immune system has the remarkable ability to recognize and remember specific pathogens it has encountered before. It involves two main types of cells: B cells and T cells. B cells: B cells produce antibodies, which are proteins that bind to specific molecules on pathogens called antigens. When an antigen is encountered, B cells undergo activation and differentiation into plasma cells that produce large quantities of antibodies. Antibodies can neutralize pathogens directly, mark them for destruction by other immune cells, or activate the complement system, which is a group of proteins that help eliminate pathogens. T cells: T cells have several roles in the immune response. Helper T cells recognize antigens presented by dendritic cells and help coordinate the immune response by releasing cytokines. Cytotoxic T cells, also known as killer T cells, directly destroy infected cells by releasing toxic substances. Regulatory T cells modulate the immune response to prevent excessive reactions and maintain tolerance to self-antigens. Both the innate and adaptive immune systems work together in a coordinated manner. When a pathogen breaches the physical barriers of the body, innate immune cells detect its presence and initiate a response. This response activates the adaptive immune system, which mounts a targeted attack against the specific pathogen. After the infection is cleared, some adaptive immune cells remain as memory cells, providing long-lasting immunity. If the same pathogen is encountered again, the immune system can mount a quicker and more effective response, preventing reinfection. It's important to note that the immune system is a highly intricate and dynamic system, and its functioning can be influenced by various factors such as genetics, overall health, nutrition, and previous exposure to pathogens.
