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What cells produce antibodies and destroy pathogens?
B cells are the cells that produce antibodies, which are proteins that can neutralize pathogens. Natural killer (NK) cells are a type of lymphocyte that can directly destroy infected cells and cancer cells.
Are interferon's viruses?
Interferons are not viruses. They are a group of signaling proteins released by cells in response to the presence of pathogens like viruses. Interferons help to regulate the immune response and inhibit viral replication within infected cells.
How do the immune cells discover intracellular pathogens?
All cells have specialized proteins on their surface that show a sampling of the contents of the cell to certain immune cells, which recognize these samples as self or foreign (i.e. intracellular pathogens) and kill infected cells.
Where do antibodies, the proteins that help the immune system identify and neutralize harmful pathogens, originate from?
Antibodies, the proteins that aid the immune system in recognizing and fighting off harmful pathogens, are produced by specialized white blood cells called B cells.
What is the role of opsonins?
Opsonins are proteins that enhance phagocytosis by labeling pathogens for destruction by immune cells. They do this by binding to pathogens and marking them for recognition and uptake by phagocytic cells like macrophages and neutrophils.
What occurs when pathogens invade the body and what is the response of the body to the invasion?
It depends what sort of pathogen it is and what cells are infected but in general the infected cell is destroyed by lymphocytes and then engulfed by a phagocyte to get rid of what is left.
May destroy infected cells select one a cytotoxic t cells b helper t cells c b cells d allergens e phagocytic cells?
a) Cytotoxic T cells are responsible for identifying and destroying infected cells by releasing toxic chemicals that induce cell death. Helper T cells aid in coordinating the immune response by activating other immune cells. B cells produce antibodies that can neutralize pathogens. Allergens are substances that can trigger allergic reactions. Phagocytic cells, such as macrophages, engulf and digest pathogens or infected cells.
Specialized globular proteins that attack foreign proteins and pathogens is known as what?
Antibodies are the specialized globular proteins that specifically bind to foreign proteins and pathogens to aid in their neutralization or elimination from the body. They are produced by white blood cells called B cells as part of the immune response.
What type of proteins do white blood cells make to signal that new pathogens have entered the body?
antibody
Pathogens that live and feed inside infected organisms are called?
Intracellular pathogens. These types of pathogens rely on living host cells to survive and reproduce, making them more challenging to treat with certain types of medications or treatments.
Cells that identify pathogens and distinguish one from another?
Cells of the immune system, such as T cells and B cells, play a crucial role in identifying and distinguishing pathogens. T cells recognize specific antigens presented by infected cells and trigger an immune response, while B cells produce antibodies that bind to antigens on pathogens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. This process allows the immune system to target and eliminate a wide variety of pathogens efficiently.
How do macrophages granulocytes and lymphocytes locate recognize and eliminate pathogens?
Macrophages, granulocytes, and lymphocytes are key components of the immune system that work together to locate, recognize, and eliminate pathogens. Macrophages and granulocytes use pattern recognition receptors to identify common features on pathogens, such as lipopolysaccharides or peptidoglycan, facilitating their engulfment and destruction through phagocytosis. Lymphocytes, particularly T cells and B cells, recognize specific antigens presented by infected cells or pathogens, leading to targeted immune responses: T cells can directly kill infected cells, while B cells produce antibodies that neutralize pathogens or mark them for destruction. Together, these immune cells coordinate a robust response to eliminate infections.
