The majority of Jews would look at you strangely if you were to called someone a "Jewish person" as that's not a term used by Jews.
The acceptable uses are:
He is a Jew. (noun)
He is Jewish. (adjective)
Although some people use the word 'Jew' as a slur, that is a misuse of the word, no different than any descriptive word can be misused. Almost any nationality and/or ethnicity can be said as a slur by those who are bigoted. A lot depends on the context. For instance, it's probably more polite to ask someone: 'Are you Jewish?' as opposed to 'Are you a Jew?'
But it would be fine to say, for instance: Woody Allen is a Jew. Natalie Portman is a Jew.
So you can use either. Jews tend to know when someone is using the word 'Jew' negatively, so you don't need to worry about causing offense, if you're just asking a genuine question or making a perfectly innocent remark :)
Either is correct.
The correct term today is Jewish person, not Hebrew.Anyone who's mother is Jewish or who converts to Judaism is considered a Jew. Additionally, Reform Judaism also recognizes a person as Jewish if their father was Jewish AND they were raised Jewish.
I suppose you call them either a Jew or a Muslim since Judaism and Islam are separate religions and you cannot be both. There is also no specific term for a Jew who converted to Islam or a Muslim who converted to Judaism in either religion. (Apostate is general term for abandoning your faith.)
A person who is born to a Jewish woman or who halachicly (following Jewish law) converts to Judaism is a Jew.
a Jew
A Jew is a person. Judaism is a religion. A Jew is a person of the religion of Judaism (the Jewish religion).See also the Related Link.What is Judaism
It can be either. According to the laws of Judaism, a person born to a Jewish woman is a Jew. Alternatively, a person can become a Jew through valid conversion. However, a person who is a Jew, can convert to another religion and is seen as being cut off from the Jewish Nation. This person would technically be a Jew, however, they would not be Jewish.
-- A person is not a Jew unless born of a Jewish mother. -- There is no "also".
Jewish law specifies that a Jew is a person who was born to a Jewish woman or who has converted to Judaism as per Jewish law.
Jewish is an adjective. "The Jewish people." Jew is the noun. "Einstein was a Jew."
A person who follows the Jewish religion.
A member of Judaism is called a Jew or a Jewish person.
If the Jew is a woman, you get a black Jew. If the mother isn't Jewish, then the child isn't either.