Is Islam based on aristocracy monarchy oligarchy theocracy?

Answer 1

Islam is a religion, not a government, that currently represents over 1.6 billion people and has several general requirements, such as the required belief and testimony that there is only one God (Shahada) and prayer to him (Salaat), that money should given to the poor (Zakaat), that a pilgrimage should be made to Mecca (Hajj), that people should reflect and fast for one month (Ramadan), and that people should rise in both spiritual and physical defense of the faith (Jihad). Most Muslims practice these general tenets along with a much more expansive Islamic Law which mandates certain benefits and punishments. Most Islamic scholars will tell you immediately that the Qur'an and Hadith never provide an exact roadmap as to what form of government should be in place and are open to any form of government as long as the government rules in accordance with Islamic Law. Since this one caveat exists, most Islamic States throughout history have had certain theocratic aspects even though the leadership was autocratic and monarchical.

If we switch gears and talk about Islamism, often called Political Islam, we are speaking about a particular political ideology, and not the religion. Islamism has the stated goal is of bringing the religious tenets of Islam into the daily functioning of a government and its laws in a direct manner (as opposed to the indirect manner achieved in many pre-modern Islamic States). Islamism is a modern movement whose roots began contemporaneously with the rise of Salafism in the late 1800s and early 1900s in Egypt. Islamism is not by nature violent or expansive. Many Islamist movements have concrete nationalistic goals such as the Islamists in power in Turkey, but others are motivated by the idea of a global Islamic Caliphate, like al-Qaeda and ISIL. In any case, Islamism is clearly THEOCRATIC.

Answer 2

Islam is a religion not a type of government.