Perminant magnet
Normally permanent magnets are those solid metallic ones we can play with so you can probably get away with calling them an (insert shape here) magnet. e.g. Bar Magnet. As for another name. I don't think it has one. You can't call them electromagnets!
Temporary magnet: good example is an electromagnet. It maintains magnetic attraction only so long as an electric current surrounds it. Permanent magnet: most common. Example: bar magnet. Will maintain magnetic properties for quite a while, although they can be eventually demagnetized.
a Temporary Magnet lose its magnetism quickly, a Permanent Magnet is hard and it keeps it magnetism
A permanent magnet may become unmagnetized because a shock it will have.
Permanent magnets are hard to magnetize because they are already magnetized during their manufacturing process using strong magnetic fields. The material used in permanent magnets, such as neodymium or ferrite, is specially chosen for its ability to retain its magnetism once magnetized. Trying to magnetize a fully magnetized permanent magnet would require an extremely strong magnetic field, which is typically not practical.
Electromagnet. This is a type of magnet which the magnetic field is produced by the flow of electric current through wires generally surrounding a metal or iron core. Electric motors, generators, relays, loudspeakers, hard disks are examples of Electromagnets in other equipment.
You can't physically "break" a computer (mother board) with a magnet. However, you can corrupt the hard drive, which is essentially breaking it. But you'll need an extremely strong electromagnet because modern hard drives are shielded against such threats. In other words, a refrigerator magnet won't do it.
Hard magnets are permanent magnets that do not require electricity to retain their magnetism and are not easily demagnetized. They are magnetically charged naturally and can be artificially, too.
A temporary magnet can be magnetized or demagnetized easily, while a permanent magnet retains its magnetization over a long period of time. Temporary magnets are usually made of soft magnetic materials like iron, while permanent magnets are made of hard magnetic materials like neodymium or ferrite. Temporary magnets require an external magnetic field to maintain their magnetism, whereas permanent magnets do not.
Soft iron is not used for making permanent magnets; instead, it is used as a temporary magnet due to its high magnetic permeability and ability to be easily magnetized/demagnetized. Permanent magnets are typically made from hard magnetic materials like neodymium or ferrite, which can retain their magnetism for a long time.
Heating a permanent magnet beyond its Curie temperature can demagnetize it by disrupting the alignment of its magnetic domains. It is best to avoid hitting permanent magnets as well, as this physical shock can also disrupt the alignment of the domains and potentially weaken the magnet's magnetic field.
The term "refrigerator magnet" is ambiguous and may refer to any number of types of magnets. However, typically a refrigerator magnet is going to be relatively weak and made of the most inexpensive materials available. Hard refrigerator magnets are likely iron. Flexible refrigerator magnets are made of bonded ferrite powders; barium ferrite is among the most common. In general classification, a refrigerator magnet is a permanent magnet.