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How does a protooncogene converted into an oncogene?
A proto-oncogene is normally converted to an oncogene by mutation of the gene that encodes the proto-oncogene. Often, this leads to de-regulation of the proto-oncogenes activity and typically abarrent signal transduction in the cell, which may lead to cellular transformation.
How does a proto-oncogene differ from an oncogene?
Compare with a virus: dormant to active, potential to kinetic, potent(ial) to actual. The proto-oncogene may become a cancer-causing oncogene only under very specific conditions and may, under other conditions, just as well lay dormant.
What kinds of somatic cell gene mutations can frequently lead to the first stages of cancer?
Proto-oncogene is the kind of somatic cell gene mutation that can lead to first stages of cancer. Proto-oncogene can lead to cellular transformation.
What are three genetic changes that can convert proto-oncogenes to oncogenes?
Movement of DNA within the genome, amplification of a proto-oncogene, and point mutations in a control element or in the proto-oncognene itself.
How oncogenes are produced form proto-oncogenes?
Proto-oncogenes are genes whose products promote cell growth and division. They do this by encoding transcription factors that stimulate the expression of other genes, signal transduction molecules that stimulate cell division, or cell cycle regulators that move the ell through the cell cycle. Proto-oncogene products may be located in the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, or nucleus, and their activities are controlled in various ways, including regulation at the transcpritional, translational, and protein-modification levels. When cells become quiescent and cease division, they repress the expression of most proto-oncogene products. In cancer cells, one or more proto-oncogenes are altered in such a way that tier activities cannot be controlled in a normal fashion. This is sometimes due to a mutation in the proto-oncogene resulting in a protein product that acts abnormally. In other cases, proto-oncogenes may encode normal protein products, but the genes are overexpressed or cannot be transcriptionally repressed at the correct time. In these cases, the proto-oncogene product is continually in an "on" state, which may constantly stimulate the cell to divide. When a proto-oncogene is mutated or aberrantly expressed, and contributes to the development of cancer, it is known as an oncogene. Oncogenes are those that have experienced a gain-of-function alteration. As a result, only one allele of a proto-oncogene needs to be mutated or mis-expressed in order to trigger uncontrolled growth. Hence, oncogenes confer a dominant cancer phenotype.
What is proto-oncogen?
An oncogene is a modified gene, or a set of nucleotides that codes for a protein and is believed to cause cancer.
What process is the protein product of the Ras proto oncogene involved in?
you will have to be more specific There is a point mutation in the k-ras oncogene, and about 60% have a mutation in the p53 so you can develop cancer in the colon by many polyps.
What enzyme is referred to as Akt?
Akt is the enzyme which is known as protein kinase B. Its scientific term is thymoma viral proto-oncogene and its particular job is to help promote cellular revival.
When was Oncogene - journal - created?
Oncogene - journal - was created in 1987.
What is pro- oncogene?
An oncogene is a gene, when mutated or expressed at high levels it helps turn a normal cell into a tumor cell.
Is Proto Paintball and Dye Paintball the same company?
Proto is a division of Dye, much like Chevrolet is a division of GM.
What is the term for a cancer gene?
Oncogene.
