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What are the differences between humoral immunity and cellular immunity?
ANTIBODY IMMUNITY IS BETTER TERMED AS HUMORAL IMMUNITY Humoral immunity is acquired by B-lymphocytes and T-helper lymphocytes as An antigen is engulfed by antigen processing cell (APC) e.g. , B-cells then a part of an antigen (epitope) is presented to T-helper cells in association with MHC-II (MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX) then T-helper cell activates B-cell to produce effector cell (plasma cell) and memory cell then plasma cell secrete antibodies which neglify harmful or toxic effects of the above antigen. CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY Every cell of the body can show this response while in the above case only APC can show humoral response A whole foreign body/ antibody is engulfed by the cell then epitope is represented to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes(CTLs) then CTLs secrete certain chemicals which kill the cell along with foreign body.
Which of the following cells is the most critical cell in immunity?
Helper T cell
What t-cells cause the b-cell lymphocytes to multiply in response to an infection?
Helper T-cells.
The subpopulation of T lymphocytes that is attacked by the human immunodeficiency virus HIV in AIDS victims is the?
helper T cell
How are the roles of b and t cells different how are their roles similar?
Both are T and B lymphocytes are produced in bone marrow, but B lymphocytes mature in bone marrow and are part of the humoral response, while T lymphocytes mature in the thymus gland and are part of the cell mediated response.
What is the cells that helps regulate body function?
A large number of cell types participate in the immune reaction, but all of them are derived from the same Hematopoietic Stem Cells.Certain Important Cells are:T Cells (T Lymphocytes): T cells are responsible for the cell mediated immune response. There are two types of T lymphocytes:T Cytotoxic: They are responsible for the cell mediated cytotoxicity.T Helper: They secrete cytokines that activate the T helper cells and macrophages.B Cells (B Lymphocytes): B lymphocytes are responsible for humoral immunity. They secrete antibodies in response to the antigens entering body.Macrophages: They are the major scavengers, as they phagocytocize the antigen and represent the epitopes on their surfaces.Neutrophils: They are associated with inflammation.Dendritic Cells: Dendtritic cells are specialised cells with versatile functions, including antigen capturing and antigen presentation.Natural Killer Cells: They are cells with small population that are active against tumor cells and some but not all virus infected cell.
What is the function of CD4?
CD4 is a surface receptor expressed by helper T lymphocytes, known as CD4+ T cells. Its purpose is to stablize the interaction between the T cell receptor (on the T cell) and an antigen-bearing MHC Class II molecule (on an antigen presenting cell). Under the right circumstances, this interaction activates CD4+ T cells that recognize an invading pathogen. Activated CD4+ T cells do many things, and are required for a robust adaptive immune response.
Is a CD4 molecule also a type of antigen?
CD4 is a glycoprotien expressed on the surface of Helper T Cell
What is cd3 cell in immunity?
In short, CD3 is a transmembrane protein found on T lymphocytes that functions in signal transduction following antigen stimulation of the T cell receptor.
How are the roles of b an t cells similar and different?
B and T cells are both lymphocytes and appear the same at maturity. Their job is to fight infection. Each cell is particular to a specific antigen. This means that the cell will proliferate when successfully fighting its specific antigen.
Why does a macrophage place antigens on its surface?
When a macrophage engulfs a foreign antigen, it phagocytizes it (or breaks it down) using enzymes. The fragments (called epitopes) of the original antigen are transported to the cell surface so that helper T-cells that specifically match the antigen can recognize it. When that happens, the helper-T cells are able to trigger a specific immune response to that exact antigen by stimulating more helper-T cells to be produced and by triggering B-cells to secrete antigen-specific antibodies that mark infected cells for destruction by killer T-cells.
Is T cell activation antigen specific?
Yes. The first signal that a T cell receives from an antigen presenting cell (dendritic cell) is MHC presenting an antigen (foreign peptide). This gives the T cell specificity to this antigen.
